How babies learn to talk, sentence 5
Babbling, repeating sounds like "ba-ba" and "da-da", usually starts around six months; it is practice, not real words yet.
Who acts: Babbling · What happens: repeat, start, be · To what, where: practice
This is a sentence of the lesson «How babies learn to talk» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Babbling), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Babbling | babbling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 starts | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Babbling | punct |
| 3 | repeating | repeat | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 sounds | amod |
| 4 | sounds | sound | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Babbling | appos |
| 5 | like | like | ADP | _ | 9 ba | case |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 ba | punct |
| 7 | ba | ba | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 ba | compound |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 9 ba | punct |
| 9 | ba | ba | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 sounds | nmod |
| 10 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 ba | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 da | cc |
| 12 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 da | punct |
| 13 | da | da | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 da | compound |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 15 da | punct |
| 15 | da | da | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 ba | conj |
| 16 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 da | punct |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 starts | punct |
| 18 | usually | usually | ADV | _ | 19 starts | advmod |
| 19 | starts | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 20 | around | around | ADV | _ | 21 six | advmod |
| 21 | six | six | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 22 months | nummod |
| 22 | months | month | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 starts | obl:unmarked |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 26 practice | punct |
| 24 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 practice | nsubj |
| 25 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 practice | cop |
| 26 | practice | practice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 starts | conj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 words | punct |
| 28 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 30 words | advmod |
| 29 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 words | amod |
| 30 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 practice | parataxis |
| 31 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 30 words | advmod |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 19 starts | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | repeat | gerund | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||||
| 2 | start | present | Babbling | month | usually property | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||
| 3 | is a | present | Babbling | practice | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:031-how-babies-learn-to-talk.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/31-how-babies-learn-to-talk/5/