Mandarin compared with English, sentence 0

Mandarin Chinese is the language with the most native speakers on Earth, and it works very differently from English, which makes it a brilliant puzzle.

Who acts: Mandarin Chinese, language, English · What happens: be, work, make · To what, where: language

This is a sentence of the lesson «Mandarin compared with English» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mandarin Chinese, language, English), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mandarin	Mandarin	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Chinese	compound
2	Chinese	Chinese	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 language	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 language	cop
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 language	det
5	language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	with	with	ADP	_	10 speakers	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 speakers	det
8	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	9 native	advmod
9	native	native	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 speakers	amod
10	speakers	speaker	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 language	nmod
11	on	on	ADP	_	12 Earth	case
12	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 speakers	nmod
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 works	punct
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 works	cc
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 works	nsubj
16	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 language	conj
17	very	very	ADV	_	18 differently	advmod
18	differently	differently	ADV	_	16 works	advmod
19	from	from	ADP	_	20 English	case
20	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 differently	obl
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 makes	punct
22	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	23 makes	nsubj
23	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 English	acl:relcl
24	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 makes	obj
25	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	27 puzzle	det
26	brilliant	brilliant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 puzzle	amod
27	puzzle	puzzle	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 makes	xcomp
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 language	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Mandarin Chinese	the language	with the native speakers on Earth	tree rules
2	work	present	language		differently property	vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	make	present	English	language		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:034-mandarin-compared-with-english.lesson:0.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/34-mandarin-compared-with-english/0/