Grammar puzzles, part two, sentence 1
Picture a wet afternoon: you write "level" on a steamy window and read it from the other side of the glass, and it's still "level"; that is a palindrome.
Who acts: you, level, that · What happens: picture, write, read, be · To what, where: level, steamy window, other side, palindrome · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Grammar puzzles, part two» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, level, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Picture | picture | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 afternoon | det |
| 3 | wet | wet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 afternoon | amod |
| 4 | afternoon | afternoon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Picture | obj |
| 5 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 7 write | punct |
| 6 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 7 write | nsubj |
| 7 | write | write | VERB | Mood=Ind Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Picture | parataxis |
| 8 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 level | punct |
| 9 | level | level | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 write | obj |
| 10 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 level | punct |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 window | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 window | det |
| 13 | steamy | steamy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 window | amod |
| 14 | window | window | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 write | obl |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 read | cc |
| 16 | read | read | VERB | Mood=Ind Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 write | conj |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 read | obj |
| 18 | from | from | ADP | _ | 21 side | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 side | det |
| 20 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 side | amod |
| 21 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 read | obl |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 glass | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 glass | det |
| 24 | glass | glass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 side | nmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 level | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 level | cc |
| 27 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 level | nsubj |
| 28 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 level | cop |
| 29 | still | still | ADV | _ | 31 level | advmod |
| 30 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 31 level | punct |
| 31 | level | level | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Picture | parataxis |
| 32 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 31 level | punct |
| 33 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 37 palindrome | punct |
| 34 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 37 palindrome | nsubj |
| 35 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 palindrome | cop |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 palindrome | det |
| 37 | palindrome | palindrome | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Picture | parataxis |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Picture | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | picture | imperative | you not said here | afternoon | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: agent=Agent clause=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | write | present | you | level | a steamy window | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent level=Theme on window=Destination | |||
| 3 | read | present | you not said here | level | the other side of the glass | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent it=Topic from side=Source | |||
| 4 | is a in a quote | present | level | level | still | tree rules | |||
| 5 | is a | present | that | a palindrome | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:036-grammar-puzzles-part-two.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/36-grammar-puzzles-part-two/1/