Grammar puzzles, part two, sentence 8
A pangram is a sentence that uses every letter of the alphabet at least once; "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is a famous one, used for testing typewriters and fonts.
Who acts: pangram, sentence, quick brown fox, jumps · What happens: be, use, jump, letter · To what, where: sentence, letter, famous one, alphabet
This is a sentence of the lesson «Grammar puzzles, part two» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pangram, sentence, quick brown fox, jumps), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 pangram | det |
| 2 | pangram | pangram | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 sentence | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 sentence | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 sentence | det |
| 5 | sentence | sentence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 one | parataxis |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 uses | nsubj |
| 7 | uses | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 sentence | acl:relcl |
| 8 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 9 letter | det |
| 9 | letter | letter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 uses | obj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 alphabet | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 alphabet | det |
| 12 | alphabet | alphabet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 letter | nmod |
| 13 | at | at | ADP | _ | 14 least | case |
| 14 | least | least | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 15 once | obl |
| 15 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 7 uses | advmod |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 jumps | punct |
| 17 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 jumps | punct |
| 18 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 fox | det |
| 19 | quick | quick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 fox | amod |
| 20 | brown | brown | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 fox | amod |
| 21 | fox | fox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 jumps | nsubj |
| 22 | jumps | jump | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 one | nsubj |
| 23 | over | over | ADP | _ | 26 dog | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 dog | det |
| 25 | lazy | lazy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 dog | amod |
| 26 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 jumps | obl |
| 27 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 jumps | punct |
| 28 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 one | cop |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 one | det |
| 30 | famous | famous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 one | amod |
| 31 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 used | punct |
| 33 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 31 one | acl |
| 34 | for | for | ADP | _ | 36 typewriters | case |
| 35 | testing | testing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 typewriters | compound |
| 36 | typewriters | typewriter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 used | obl |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 fonts | cc |
| 38 | fonts | font | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 typewriters | conj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 sentence | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a pangram | a sentence | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | use | present | a sentence | every letter of the alphabet | once property | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Patient | |||
| 3 | jump in a quote | the quick brown fox | over the lazy dog | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | is a | present | jumps | a famous one | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | use | participle | a famous one not said here | for testing typewriters and fonts | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | letter | the alphabet | nom letter «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:036-grammar-puzzles-part-two.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/36-grammar-puzzles-part-two/8/