Words that changed their meaning, sentence 2

Some words narrow (they come to mean less: "deer" once meant any wild animal), some widen or pick up new jobs (a "mouse" can now sit next to your keyboard), and some go from good to bad or bad to good.

Who acts: words, deer, some, mouse · What happens: narrow, come, mean, widen, pick up, sit · To what, where: less, wild animal, new jobs, good

This is a sentence of the lesson «Words that changed their meaning» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (words, deer, some, mouse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	2 words	det
2	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 narrow	nsubj
3	narrow	narrow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	(	(	PUNCT	_	6 come	punct
5	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 come	nsubj
6	come	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 narrow	parataxis
7	to	to	PART	_	8 mean	mark
8	mean	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 come	xcomp
9	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	8 mean	obj
10	:	:	PUNCT	_	15 meant	punct
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 deer	punct
12	deer	deer	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 meant	nsubj
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 deer	punct
14	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	15 meant	advmod
15	meant	mean	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 narrow	parataxis
16	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	18 animal	det
17	wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 animal	amod
18	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 meant	obj
19	)	)	PUNCT	_	15 meant	punct
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 widen	punct
21	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	22 widen	nsubj
22	widen	widen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 narrow	conj
23	or	or	CCONJ	_	24 pick	cc
24	pick	pick	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 widen	conj
25	up	up	ADP	_	24 pick	compound:prt
26	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 jobs	amod
27	jobs	job	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 pick	obj
28	(	(	PUNCT	_	31 mouse	punct
29	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	31 mouse	det
30	"	"	PUNCT	_	31 mouse	punct
31	mouse	mouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 jobs	appos
32	"	"	PUNCT	_	31 mouse	punct
33	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	35 sit	aux
34	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	35 sit	advmod
35	sit	sit	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	31 mouse	acl
36	next	next	ADV	ExtPos=ADP	35 sit	advmod
37	to	to	ADP	_	39 keyboard	case
38	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	39 keyboard	nmod:poss
39	keyboard	keyboard	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 sit	obl
40	)	)	PUNCT	_	35 sit	punct
41	,	,	PUNCT	_	44 go	punct
42	and	and	CCONJ	_	44 go	cc
43	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	44 go	nsubj
44	go	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 narrow	conj
45	from	from	ADP	_	46 good	case
46	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	44 go	obl
47	to	to	ADP	_	48 bad	case
48	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	46 good	obl
49	or	or	CCONJ	_	50 bad	cc
50	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	46 good	conj
51	to	to	ADP	_	52 good	case
52	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	50 bad	obl
53	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 narrow	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	narrow	present	some words					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	come	present	Words = word					tree rules
3	mean	to-infinitive	Words = word not said here	less				vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent less=Topic
4	mean	past	deer	any wild animal			once property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Topic
5	widen	present	some					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
6	pick up	present	some not said here	new jobs				vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Topic
7	sit	can	a mouse not said here			now	to your keyboard; next property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
8	go	present	some		good			vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme from good=Initial_Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:038-words-that-changed-their-meaning.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/38-words-that-changed-their-meaning/2/