Adjectives and adverbs: describing things and actions, sentence 2
English speakers put adjectives in a set order without ever being taught it: opinion, size, age, shape, colour, where from, material, purpose; that is why "a big red ball" sounds right and "a red big ball" sounds weird.
Who acts: English speakers, that, big red ball, red big ball · What happens: put, teach, be, sound · To what, where: adjectives, set order, opinion, order
This is a sentence of the lesson «Adjectives and adverbs: describing things and actions» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (English speakers, that, big red ball, red big ball), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | English | English | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 speakers | amod |
| 2 | speakers | speaker | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 put | nsubj |
| 3 | put | put | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | adjectives | adjective | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 put | obj |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 order | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 order | det |
| 7 | set | set | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 order | compound |
| 8 | order | order | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 put | obl |
| 9 | without | without | SCONJ | _ | 12 taught | mark |
| 10 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 12 taught | advmod |
| 11 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 taught | aux:pass |
| 12 | taught | teach | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 put | advcl |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 taught | obj |
| 14 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 15 opinion | punct |
| 15 | opinion | opinion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 taught | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 size | punct |
| 17 | size | size | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 opinion | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 age | punct |
| 19 | age | age | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 opinion | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 shape | punct |
| 21 | shape | shape | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 opinion | conj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 colour | punct |
| 23 | colour | colour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 opinion | conj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 where | punct |
| 25 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 28 material | advmod |
| 26 | from | from | ADP | _ | 28 material | case |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 material | punct |
| 28 | material | material | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 opinion | conj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 purpose | punct |
| 30 | purpose | purpose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 material | conj |
| 31 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 41 sounds | punct |
| 32 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 34 why | nsubj |
| 33 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 why | cop |
| 34 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 41 sounds | advmod |
| 35 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 39 ball | punct |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 ball | det |
| 37 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 ball | amod |
| 38 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 ball | amod |
| 39 | ball | ball | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 sounds | nsubj |
| 40 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 39 ball | punct |
| 41 | sounds | sound | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 put | conj |
| 42 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 sounds | xcomp |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 50 sounds | cc |
| 44 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 48 ball | punct |
| 45 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 48 ball | det |
| 46 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 48 ball | amod |
| 47 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 48 ball | amod |
| 48 | ball | ball | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 sounds | nsubj |
| 49 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 48 ball | punct |
| 50 | sounds | sound | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 41 sounds | conj |
| 51 | weird | weird | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 50 sounds | xcomp |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 put | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | put | present | English speakers | adjectives | a set order | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent adjective=Theme in order=Destination | |||
| 2 | teach speech: other | gerund · passive | English speakers not said here | opinion and size and age and shape and colour and material and purpose | order | ever | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: it=Recipient | ||
| 3 | is | present | that | why property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | sound | present | a big red ball | right property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | sound | present | a red big ball | weird property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:004-adjectives-and-adverbs.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×5. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/4-adjectives-and-adverbs/2/