A bit nippy and not ideal: British understatement, sentence 7
Understatement means describing something as smaller, milder or less important than it really is, often to sound calm, polite or funny.
Who acts: Understatement · What happens: mean, describe, sound · To what, where: something
This is a sentence of the lesson «A bit nippy and not ideal: British understatement» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Understatement), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Understatement | understatement | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 means | nsubj |
| 2 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | describing | describe | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 means | xcomp |
| 4 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 3 describing | obj |
| 5 | as | as | ADP | _ | 6 smaller | case |
| 6 | smaller | small | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 3 describing | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 milder | punct |
| 8 | milder | mild | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 6 smaller | conj |
| 9 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 11 important | cc |
| 10 | less | less | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 11 important | advmod |
| 11 | important | important | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 smaller | conj |
| 12 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 15 is | mark |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 is | nsubj |
| 14 | really | really | ADV | _ | 15 is | advmod |
| 15 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 important | advcl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 sound | punct |
| 17 | often | often | ADV | _ | 19 sound | advmod |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 sound | mark |
| 19 | sound | sound | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 means | advcl |
| 20 | calm | calm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 sound | xcomp |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 polite | punct |
| 22 | polite | polite | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 calm | conj |
| 23 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 24 funny | cc |
| 24 | funny | funny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 calm | conj |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 means | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | Understatement | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | describe not said to happen | gerund | Understatement not said here | something | as smaller | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent something=Theme as small=Attribute | |||
| 3 | sound | to-infinitive | Understatement not said here | calm, often property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:049-a-bit-nippy-and-not-ideal-british-understatement.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/49-a-bit-nippy-and-not-ideal-british-understatement/7/