Pronouns: I, me, you, they and who, sentence 18

Whom is the old object form of who, like him for he; it is now mostly used in formal writing, especially after a word like "to" ("to whom").

What happens: be, use · To what, where: old object form, gender, formal writing

This is a sentence of the lesson «Pronouns: I, me, you, they and who» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Whom	whom	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 form	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 form	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 form	det
4	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 form	amod
5	object	object	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 form	compound
6	form	form	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 who	case
8	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 form	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 him	punct
10	like	like	ADP	_	11 him	case
11	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 who	appos
12	for	for	ADP	_	13 he	case
13	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 him	nmod
14	;	;	PUNCT	_	19 used	punct
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 used	nsubj:pass
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 used	aux
17	now	now	ADV	_	19 used	advmod
18	mostly	mostly	ADV	_	19 used	advmod
19	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 form	parataxis
20	in	in	ADP	_	22 writing	case
21	formal	formal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 writing	amod
22	writing	writing	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 used	obl
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 word	punct
24	especially	especially	ADV	_	27 word	advmod
25	after	after	ADP	_	27 word	case
26	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	27 word	det
27	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 used	obl
28	like	like	ADP	_	30 to	case
29	"	"	PUNCT	_	30 to	punct
30	to	to	PART	_	27 word	nmod
31	"	"	PUNCT	_	30 to	punct
32	(	(	PUNCT	_	35 whom	punct
33	"	"	PUNCT	_	35 whom	punct
34	to	to	ADP	_	35 whom	case
35	whom	whom	PRON	PronType=Rel	27 word	nmod
36	"	"	PUNCT	_	35 whom	punct
37	)	)	PUNCT	_	35 whom	punct
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 form	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		the old object form					tree rules
2	use	present · passive		gender		formal writing	after a word; now	mostly property	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:005-pronouns-i-me-you-they-and-who.lesson:18.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×3, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/5-pronouns-i-me-you-they-and-who/18/