Told you a hundred times: how other languages exaggerate and play down, sentence 5
Other languages use animals and things: a French girl has «a wolf's hunger», a French morning is «duck cold», and an Italian nonna loves you «a sackful».
Who acts: Other languages, French girl, French morning, Italian nonna, wolf · What happens: use, have, be, love, hunger · To what, where: animals, hunger, you · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Told you a hundred times: how other languages exaggerate and play down» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Other languages, French girl, French morning, Italian nonna), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 languages | amod |
| 2 | languages | language | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 use | nsubj |
| 3 | use | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 use | obj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 things | cc |
| 6 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 animals | conj |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 11 has | punct |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 girl | det |
| 9 | French | French | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 girl | amod |
| 10 | girl | girl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 has | nsubj |
| 11 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 use | parataxis |
| 12 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 16 hunger | punct |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 wolf | det |
| 14 | wolf | wolf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 hunger | nmod:poss |
| 15 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 14 wolf | case |
| 16 | hunger | hunger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 has | obj |
| 17 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 16 hunger | punct |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 cold | punct |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 morning | det |
| 20 | French | French | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 morning | amod |
| 21 | morning | morning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 cold | nsubj |
| 22 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 cold | cop |
| 23 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 25 cold | punct |
| 24 | duck | duck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 cold | compound |
| 25 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 use | parataxis |
| 26 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 25 cold | punct |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 loves | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 loves | cc |
| 29 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 nonna | det |
| 30 | Italian | Italian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 nonna | amod |
| 31 | nonna | nonna | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 loves | nsubj |
| 32 | loves | love | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 use | parataxis |
| 33 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 32 loves | obj |
| 34 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 36 sackful | punct |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 sackful | det |
| 36 | sackful | sackful | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 loves | obj |
| 37 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 36 sackful | punct |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 use | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use | present | Other languages | animals and things | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent animal=Theme clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | have | present | a French girl | a wolf's hunger | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hunger=Patient | ||||
| 3 | is in a quote | present | a French morning | cold property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | love | present | a Italian nonna | you | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | hunger in a quote | a wolf | nom hunger «state intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:053-told-you-a-hundred-times-how-other-languages-exaggerate-and-play-down.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/53-told-you-a-hundred-times-how-other-languages-exaggerate-and-play-down/5/