★★★ Olympiad: hyperbole and downplaying puzzles, sentence 14

«I may have slightly broken the window» about a smashed window is downplaying to avoid trouble; the honest «I broke the window» is better.

Who acts: grandad, I · What happens: break, downplay, avoid, be · To what, where: window, trouble

This is a sentence of the lesson «★★★ Olympiad: hyperbole and downplaying puzzles» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (grandad, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 broken	punct
2	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	6 broken	nsubj
3	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 broken	aux
4	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 broken	aux
5	slightly	slightly	ADV	_	6 broken	advmod
6	broken	break	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 window	det
8	window	window	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 broken	obj
9	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 broken	punct
10	about	about	ADP	_	13 window	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 window	det
12	smashed	smashed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 window	amod
13	window	window	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 broken	obl
14	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 downplaying	aux
15	downplaying	downplay	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 broken	advcl
16	to	to	PART	_	17 avoid	mark
17	avoid	avoid	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	15 downplaying	advcl
18	trouble	trouble	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 avoid	obj
19	;	;	PUNCT	_	24 broke	punct
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 honest	det
21	honest	honest	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 «	amod
22	«	«	PUNCT	_	24 broke	punct
23	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	24 broke	nsubj
24	broke	break	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 broken	parataxis
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	26 window	det
26	window	window	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 broke	obj
27	»	»	PUNCT	_	24 broke	punct
28	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	29 better	cop
29	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	24 broke	ccomp
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 broken	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	break in a quote	may · perfect	a grandad = grandad	the window	about a smashed window; slightly property	vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer window=Patient
2	downplay	present · progressive	I not said here			tree rules
3	avoid	to-infinitive	I not said here	trouble		vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent trouble=Location
4	break in a quote	past	a grandad = grandad	the window		vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer window=Patient
5	is	present	I not said here		good property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:055-olympiad-hyperbole-and-downplaying-puzzles.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×5, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/55-olympiad-hyperbole-and-downplaying-puzzles/14/