Kinds of sentences: statements, questions, commands, exclamations, sentence 3

Don't judge by the first word: "What a huge cake!" and "What is that huge cake?" both start with what, but only one asks for an answer.

Who acts: you, huge cake, both, one · What happens: not judge, be, start, ask · To what, where: huge cake · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Kinds of sentences: statements, questions, commands, exclamations» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, huge cake, both, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Do	do	AUX	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	3 judge	aux
2	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	3 judge	advmod
3	judge	judge	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	7 word	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 word	det
6	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	7 word	amod
7	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 judge	obl
8	:	:	PUNCT	_	3 judge	punct
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 cake	punct
10	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	13 cake	det:predet
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 cake	det
12	huge	huge	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 cake	amod
13	cake	cake	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 word	appos
14	!	!	PUNCT	_	13 cake	punct
15	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 cake	punct
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 cake	cc
17	"	"	PUNCT	_	22 cake	punct
18	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	22 cake	nsubj
19	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 cake	cop
20	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	22 cake	det
21	huge	huge	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 cake	amod
22	cake	cake	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 cake	conj
23	?	?	PUNCT	_	22 cake	punct
24	"	"	PUNCT	_	22 cake	punct
25	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	26 start	nsubj
26	start	start	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 judge	parataxis
27	with	with	ADP	_	28 what	case
28	what	what	PRON	PronType=Rel	26 start	obl
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 asks	punct
30	but	but	CCONJ	_	33 asks	cc
31	only	only	ADV	_	32 one	advmod
32	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	33 asks	nsubj
33	asks	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 start	conj
34	for	for	ADP	_	36 answer	case
35	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	36 answer	det
36	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 asks	obl
37	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 judge	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed form=decl, act=assert, voice=narrator

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	not judge	imperative · do-support	you not said here		by the first word	vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V whether/if S»: agent=Agent
2	is a in a quote	present	what huge cake and that huge cake	that huge cake		tree rules
3	start	present	both			vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with what=Subeventuality
4	ask speech: ask	present	one		for a answer	vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:007-kinds-of-sentences.lesson:3.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/7-kinds-of-sentences/3/