What vitamins do, sentence 8
Calcium builds bones and teeth, and vitamin D helps the body absorb it; milk, cheese, yoghurt, green vegetables, beans, tofu and fortified foods (with extra vitamins or minerals added) all contain calcium.
Who acts: Calcium, vitamin D, body, milk · What happens: build, help, absorb, fortify, add, contain · To what, where: bones, body, extra vitamins, calcium
This is a sentence of the lesson «What vitamins do» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Calcium, vitamin D, body, milk), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Calcium | calcium | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 builds | nsubj |
| 2 | builds | build | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | bones | bone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 builds | obj |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 teeth | cc |
| 5 | teeth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 bones | conj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 helps | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 helps | cc |
| 8 | vitamin | vitamin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 D | compound |
| 9 | D | D | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 helps | nsubj |
| 10 | helps | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 builds | conj |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 body | det |
| 12 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 helps | obj |
| 13 | absorb | absorb | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 helps | xcomp |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 absorb | obj |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 2 builds | punct |
| 16 | milk | milk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 contain | nsubj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 cheese | punct |
| 18 | cheese | cheese | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 milk | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 yoghurt | punct |
| 20 | yoghurt | yoghurt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 milk | conj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 vegetables | punct |
| 22 | green | green | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 vegetables | amod |
| 23 | vegetables | vegetable | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 milk | conj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 beans | punct |
| 25 | beans | bean | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 milk | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 tofu | punct |
| 27 | tofu | tofu | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 milk | conj |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 foods | cc |
| 29 | fortified | fortify | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 foods | amod |
| 30 | foods | food | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 tofu | conj |
| 31 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 34 vitamins | punct |
| 32 | with | with | ADP | _ | 34 vitamins | case |
| 33 | extra | extra | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 vitamins | amod |
| 34 | vitamins | vitamin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 foods | obl |
| 35 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 36 minerals | cc |
| 36 | minerals | mineral | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 vitamins | conj |
| 37 | added | add | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 34 vitamins | acl |
| 38 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 34 vitamins | punct |
| 39 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 40 contain | advmod |
| 40 | contain | contain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 builds | parataxis |
| 41 | calcium | calcium | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 contain | obj |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 builds | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | build | present | Calcium | bones and teeth | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bone=Product | ||||
| 2 | help | present | vitamin D | the body | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent body=Beneficiary clause=Theme | ||||
| 3 | absorb | infinitive | the body not said here | body | vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Goal it=Theme | ||||
| 4 | fortify | participle | vn equip-13.4.2-1-1 «NP.theme V NP»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 5 | add speech: assert | participle | extra vitamins or minerals not said here | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 6 | contain | present | milk and cheese and yoghurt and green vegetables and beans and tofu and fortified foods | calcium | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot calcium=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:medicine:021-what-vitamins-do.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/21-what-vitamins-do/8/