Sunshine, vitamin D and water, sentence 4
UVB rays in sunlight help the skin make vitamin D, which helps the body absorb calcium for bones, and you don't need to burn to make it.
Who acts: UVB rays, skin, D, body, you · What happens: help, make, absorb, not need, burn · To what, where: skin, vitamin, body, calcium
This is a sentence of the lesson «Sunshine, vitamin D and water» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (UVB rays, skin, D, body), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | UVB | uvb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 rays | compound |
| 2 | rays | ray | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 help | nsubj |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 sunlight | case |
| 4 | sunlight | sunlight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 rays | nmod |
| 5 | help | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 skin | det |
| 7 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 help | obj |
| 8 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 help | xcomp |
| 9 | vitamin | vitamin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 make | obj |
| 10 | D | D | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 vitamin | flat |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 helps | punct |
| 12 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 helps | nsubj |
| 13 | helps | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 D | acl:relcl |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 body | det |
| 15 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 helps | obj |
| 16 | absorb | absorb | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 helps | xcomp |
| 17 | calcium | calcium | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 absorb | obj |
| 18 | for | for | ADP | _ | 19 bones | case |
| 19 | bones | bone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 absorb | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 need | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 need | cc |
| 22 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 25 need | nsubj |
| 23 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 need | aux |
| 24 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 25 need | advmod |
| 25 | need | need | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 help | conj |
| 26 | to | to | PART | _ | 27 burn | mark |
| 27 | burn | burn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 need | xcomp |
| 28 | to | to | PART | _ | 29 make | mark |
| 29 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 burn | advcl |
| 30 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 make | obj |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 help | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | help | present | UVB rays in sunlight | the skin | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent skin=Beneficiary clause=Theme | ||||
| 2 | make | infinitive | the skin not said here | vitamin | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset vitamin=Product | ||||
| 3 | help | present | D | the body | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent body=Beneficiary clause=Theme | ||||
| 4 | absorb | infinitive | the body not said here | calcium | for bones | vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Goal calcium=Theme | |||
| 5 | not need | present · do-support | you | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 6 | burn not said to happen | to-infinitive | you not said here | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | make | to-infinitive | you not said here | body | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:medicine:023-sunshine-vitamin-d-and-water.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/23-sunshine-vitamin-d-and-water/4/