Why we sleep when ill, sentence 0
When you are ill, a lot of what you feel is not the germ itself but your own body fighting it: the immune system sends out chemical messengers that make you sleepy, achy and off your food.
Who acts: you, lot, germ, immune system, chemical messengers · What happens: be, feel, not be, fight, send out, make · To what, where: germ, lot, chemical messengers, you
This is a sentence of the lesson «Why we sleep when ill» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, lot, germ, immune system), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | SCONJ | _ | 4 ill | mark |
| 2 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 ill | nsubj |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 ill | cop |
| 4 | ill | ill | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 germ | advcl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 lot | punct |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 lot | det |
| 7 | lot | lot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 germ | nsubj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 what | case |
| 9 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Rel | 15 germ | nmod |
| 10 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 11 feel | nsubj |
| 11 | feel | feel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 what | acl:relcl |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 germ | cop |
| 13 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 15 germ | advmod |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 germ | det |
| 15 | germ | germ | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 16 | itself | itself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes | 15 germ | nmod |
| 17 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 20 body | cc |
| 18 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 body | nmod:poss |
| 19 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 body | amod |
| 20 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 germ | conj |
| 21 | fighting | fight | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 15 germ | acl |
| 22 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 fighting | obj |
| 23 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 27 sends | punct |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 system | det |
| 25 | immune | immune | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 system | amod |
| 26 | system | system | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 sends | nsubj |
| 27 | sends | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 germ | parataxis |
| 28 | out | out | ADP | _ | 27 sends | compound:prt |
| 29 | chemical | chemical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 messengers | amod |
| 30 | messengers | messenger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 sends | obj |
| 31 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 32 make | nsubj |
| 32 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 messengers | acl:relcl |
| 33 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 32 make | obj |
| 34 | sleepy | sleepy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 make | xcomp |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 achy | punct |
| 36 | achy | achy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 sleepy | conj |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 food | cc |
| 38 | off | off | ADP | _ | 40 food | case |
| 39 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 40 food | nmod:poss |
| 40 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 sleepy | conj |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 germ | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | you | ill property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | feel | present | you | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | not is a | present | a lot | the germ but your own body | lot nmod | tree rules | |||
| 4 | fight | gerund | the germ but your own body not said here | lot | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Co-Agent | ||||
| 5 | send out | present | the immune system | chemical messengers | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent messenger=Theme | ||||
| 6 | make | present | chemical messengers | you | sleepy property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset you=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:medicine:031-why-we-sleep-when-ill.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/31-why-we-sleep-when-ill/0/