Basketball, tennis, skateboarding and ice skating, sentence 18
Ice on ponds can be thin in places, and falling through means cold shock; RoSPA advises never going onto frozen ponds or lakes, and if someone falls in, stay off the ice and call 999.
Who acts: Ice, RoSPA, someone · What happens: be, fall through, mean, advise, not go, freeze · To what, where: places, cold shock, frozen ponds, 999 · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Basketball, tennis, skateboarding and ice skating» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ice, RoSPA, someone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 thin | nsubj |
| 2 | on | on | ADP | _ | 3 ponds | case |
| 3 | ponds | pond | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Ice | nmod |
| 4 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 thin | aux |
| 5 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 6 thin | cop |
| 6 | thin | thin | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 places | case |
| 8 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 thin | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 falling | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 falling | cc |
| 11 | falling | fall | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 thin | parataxis |
| 12 | through | through | ADP | _ | 13 means | mark |
| 13 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 falling | ccomp |
| 14 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 shock | amod |
| 15 | shock | shock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 means | obj |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 advises | punct |
| 17 | RoSPA | RoSPA | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 advises | nsubj |
| 18 | advises | advise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 thin | parataxis |
| 19 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 20 going | advmod |
| 20 | going | go | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 18 advises | xcomp |
| 21 | onto | onto | ADP | _ | 23 ponds | case |
| 22 | frozen | freeze | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 ponds | amod |
| 23 | ponds | pond | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 going | obl |
| 24 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 25 lakes | cc |
| 25 | lakes | lake | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 ponds | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 falls | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 falls | cc |
| 28 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 30 falls | mark |
| 29 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 30 falls | nsubj |
| 30 | falls | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 going | conj |
| 31 | in | in | ADV | _ | 30 falls | advmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 falls | punct |
| 33 | stay | stay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 falls | parataxis |
| 34 | off | off | ADP | _ | 36 ice | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 ice | det |
| 36 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 stay | obl |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 call | cc |
| 38 | call | call | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 stay | conj |
| 39 | 999 | 999 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 38 call | obj |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 thin | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | can | Ice on ponds | places | thin property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | fall through | gerund | vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | mean | present | cold shock | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shock=Topic | |||||
| 4 | advise speech: other | present | RoSPA | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | not go not said to happen | gerund | RoSPA not said here | frozen ponds or lakes | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme onto pond=Initial_Location | ||||
| 6 | freeze | participle | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 7 | fall in a condition, not said to happen | present | someone | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 8 | stay | infinitive | off the ice | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 9 | call | infinitive | 999 | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent 999=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:medicine:044-basketball-tennis-skateboarding-and-ice-skating.lesson:18.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/44-basketball-tennis-skateboarding-and-ice-skating/18/