Bike helmets and roads, sentence 2
Helmet foam is made to crush once, so after a crash you get a new one even if it looks fine; a bad head injury can change a life for good, and some children are killed on bikes every year on UK roads.
Who acts: Helmet foam, you, foam, bad head injury · What happens: make, crush, get, look, change, kill · To what, where: Helmet foam, new one, life, children, bikes
This is a sentence of the lesson «Bike helmets and roads» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Helmet foam, you, foam, bad head injury), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Helmet | helmet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 foam | compound |
| 2 | foam | foam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 made | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 made | aux:pass |
| 4 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 crush | mark |
| 6 | crush | crush | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 made | xcomp |
| 7 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 6 crush | advmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 get | punct |
| 9 | so | so | ADV | _ | 14 get | advmod |
| 10 | after | after | ADP | _ | 12 crash | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 crash | det |
| 12 | crash | crash | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 get | obl |
| 13 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 14 get | nsubj |
| 14 | get | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 made | conj |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 one | det |
| 16 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 one | amod |
| 17 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 get | obj |
| 18 | even | even | ADV | _ | 21 looks | advmod |
| 19 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 21 looks | mark |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 looks | nsubj |
| 21 | looks | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 get | advcl |
| 22 | fine | fine | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 looks | xcomp |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 change | punct |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 injury | det |
| 25 | bad | bad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 injury | amod |
| 26 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 injury | compound |
| 27 | injury | injury | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 change | nsubj |
| 28 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 change | aux |
| 29 | change | change | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 made | parataxis |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 life | det |
| 31 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 change | obj |
| 32 | for | for | ADP | _ | 33 good | case |
| 33 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 change | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 killed | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 killed | cc |
| 36 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 37 children | det |
| 37 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 killed | nsubj:pass |
| 38 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 killed | aux:pass |
| 39 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 change | conj |
| 40 | on | on | ADP | _ | 41 bikes | case |
| 41 | bikes | bike | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 killed | obl |
| 42 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 43 year | det |
| 43 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 killed | obl:unmarked |
| 44 | on | on | ADP | _ | 46 roads | case |
| 45 | UK | UK | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 roads | compound |
| 46 | roads | road | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 killed | obl |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 made | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present · passive | Helmet foam | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | crush | to-infinitive | Helmet foam not said here | once property | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 3 | get | present | you | a new one | after a crash | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer one=Stimulus | |||
| 4 | look a condition, not said to happen | present | foam | fine property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | change | can | a bad head injury | a life | for good | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent life=Theme for good=Co-Theme | |||
| 6 | kill | present · passive | some children | bikes | year | on UK roads | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:medicine:072-bike-helmets-and-roads.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/72-bike-helmets-and-roads/2/