The school fair, famous companies and being your own boss, sentence 13
To break even means money in equals money out, so there is no profit and no loss; a business with costs of £20,000 that takes £20,000 breaks even, and if takings grow to £28,000 it makes £8,000 profit.
Who acts: profit, business, takings · What happens: break, mean, be, take, grow, make · To what, where: money · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The school fair, famous companies and being your own boss» of the money course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (profit, business, takings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | PART | _ | 2 break | mark |
| 2 | break | break | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 means | csubj |
| 3 | even | even | ADV | _ | 2 break | advmod |
| 4 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | money | money | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 means | obj |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 money | case |
| 7 | equals | equal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 money | compound |
| 8 | money | money | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 means | obl |
| 9 | out | out | ADV | _ | 8 money | advmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 is | punct |
| 11 | so | so | ADV | _ | 13 is | advmod |
| 12 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 13 is | expl |
| 13 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 means | conj |
| 14 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 15 profit | det |
| 15 | profit | profit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 is | nsubj |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 loss | cc |
| 17 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 18 loss | det |
| 18 | loss | loss | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 profit | conj |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 takes | punct |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 business | det |
| 21 | business | business | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 breaks | nsubj |
| 22 | with | with | ADP | _ | 23 costs | case |
| 23 | costs | cost | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 business | nmod |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 £ | case |
| 25 | £ | £ | SYM | _ | 23 costs | nmod |
| 26 | 20,000 | 20000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 25 £ | nummod |
| 27 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 takes | nsubj |
| 28 | takes | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 business | acl:relcl |
| 29 | £ | £ | SYM | _ | 28 takes | obj |
| 30 | 20,000 | 20000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 29 £ | nummod |
| 31 | breaks | break | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 is | conj |
| 32 | even | even | ADV | _ | 31 breaks | advmod |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 grow | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 grow | cc |
| 35 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 37 grow | mark |
| 36 | takings | taking | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 grow | nsubj |
| 37 | grow | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 breaks | conj |
| 38 | to | to | ADP | _ | 39 £ | case |
| 39 | £ | £ | SYM | _ | 37 grow | obl |
| 40 | 28,000 | 28,000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 39 £ | nummod |
| 41 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 makes | nsubj |
| 42 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 £ | acl:relcl |
| 43 | £ | £ | SYM | _ | 42 makes | obj |
| 44 | 8,000 | 8,000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 43 £ | flat |
| 45 | profit | profit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 £ | flat |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 means | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | break | to-infinitive | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 2 | mean | present | money | in equals money | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot money=Theme in money=Attribute | ||||
| 3 | does | present | no profit and no loss | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | take | present | a business with costs | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent £=Theme | |||||
| 5 | break | present | a business with costs | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 6 | grow a condition, not said to happen | present | takings | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | make | present | profit | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material £=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:money:032-the-school-fair-famous-companies-and-being-your-own-boss.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/32-the-school-fair-famous-companies-and-being-your-own-boss/13/