Inflation explained with a chocolate bar, sentence 2

When the news says inflation is 3%, it means things cost about 3p more for every pound than a year ago, on average; some prices jump more, some less, and a few, like TVs, even fall.

Who acts: news, it, things, prices · What happens: say, mean, cost, jump, fall · To what, where: more · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Inflation explained with a chocolate bar» of the money course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (news, it, things, prices), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	When	when	SCONJ	_	4 says	mark
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 news	det
3	news	news	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 says	nsubj
4	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 means	advcl
5	inflation	inflation	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 %	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 %	cop
7	3	3	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	8 %	nummod
8	%	%	SYM	Number=Sing	4 says	ccomp
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 means	punct
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 means	nsubj
11	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
12	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 cost	nsubj
13	cost	cost	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 means	ccomp
14	about	about	ADV	_	15 3	advmod
15	3	3	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	16 p	nummod
16	p	p	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 more	obl:unmarked
17	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	13 cost	obj
18	for	for	ADP	_	20 pound	case
19	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	20 pound	det
20	pound	pound	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 more	obl
21	than	than	SCONJ	_	24 ago	mark
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 year	det
23	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 ago	obl:unmarked
24	ago	ago	ADV	_	11 means	advmod
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 average	punct
26	on	on	ADP	_	27 average	case
27	average	average	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 ago	obl
28	;	;	PUNCT	_	31 jump	punct
29	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	30 prices	det
30	prices	price	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 jump	nsubj
31	jump	jump	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 means	parataxis
32	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	35 less	advcl
33	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 less	punct
34	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	35 less	nsubj
35	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	31 jump	advcl
36	,	,	PUNCT	_	39 few	punct
37	and	and	CCONJ	_	39 few	cc
38	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	39 few	det
39	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 says	ccomp
40	,	,	PUNCT	_	42 TVs	punct
41	like	like	ADP	_	42 TVs	case
42	TVs	tv	NOUN	Number=Plur	39 few	obl
43	,	,	PUNCT	_	45 fall	punct
44	even	even	ADV	_	45 fall	advmod
45	fall	fall	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	39 few	conj
46	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 means	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	the news			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	mean	present	it		ago property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	cost	present	things	more		vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme more=Value
4	jump	present	some prices			vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	fall	infinitive	the news not said here			vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:money:034-inflation-explained-with-a-chocolate-bar.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/34-inflation-explained-with-a-chocolate-bar/2/