Inflation explained with a chocolate bar, sentence 4

Experts argue about what causes prices to jump fast; to slow them down the central bank can make borrowing dearer, which helps savers but hurts families paying back a mortgage.

Who acts: Experts, prices, central bank, families · What happens: argue, cause, jump, slow down, make, borrow · To what, where: prices, savers, families, mortgage · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Inflation explained with a chocolate bar» of the money course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Experts, prices, central bank, families), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Experts	expert	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 argue	nsubj
2	argue	argue	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	about	about	SCONJ	_	5 causes	mark
4	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	5 causes	nsubj
5	causes	cause	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 argue	ccomp
6	prices	price	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 causes	obj
7	to	to	PART	_	8 jump	mark
8	jump	jump	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 causes	xcomp
9	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	8 jump	advmod
10	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 slow	punct
11	to	to	PART	_	12 slow	mark
12	slow	slow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 causes	conj
13	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 slow	obj
14	down	down	ADP	_	12 slow	compound:prt
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 bank	det
16	central	central	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 bank	amod
17	bank	bank	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 make	nsubj
18	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	19 make	aux
19	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 slow	conj
20	borrowing	borrow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	19 make	obj
21	dearer	dear	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	19 make	xcomp
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 helps	punct
23	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	24 helps	nsubj
24	helps	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 dearer	conj
25	savers	saver	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 helps	obj
26	but	but	CCONJ	_	27 hurts	cc
27	hurts	hurt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 helps	conj
28	families	family	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 hurts	obj
29	paying	pay	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	28 families	acl
30	back	back	ADP	_	29 paying	compound:prt
31	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	32 mortgage	det
32	mortgage	mortgage	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 paying	obj
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 argue	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	argue speech: disagree	present	Experts			vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	cause	present		prices		tree rules
3	jump	to-infinitive	prices not said here		fast property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	slow down	to-infinitive		prices = price		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent they=Patient
5	make	can	the central bank		dear property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
6	borrow	gerund				vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
7	help	present		savers		vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent saver=Beneficiary
8	hurt	present		families		vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer family=Patient
9	pay back	gerund	families not said here	a mortgage		vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mortgage=Asset

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:money:034-inflation-explained-with-a-chocolate-bar.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/34-inflation-explained-with-a-chocolate-bar/4/