What really happens to things you swallow, sentence 11
Apple pips contain a substance that can release cyanide, but the amount is tiny and a whole swallowed pip usually passes out unbroken; harm would need a very large number chewed at once.
Who acts: Apple pips, substance, amount, whole swallowed pip, harm · What happens: contain, release, be, swallow, pass out, need · To what, where: substance, cyanide, large number
This is a sentence of the lesson «What really happens to things you swallow» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Apple pips, substance, amount, whole swallowed pip), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Apple | Apple | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 pips | compound |
| 2 | pips | pip | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 contain | nsubj |
| 3 | contain | contain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 substance | det |
| 5 | substance | substance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 contain | obj |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 release | nsubj |
| 7 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 release | aux |
| 8 | release | release | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 substance | acl:relcl |
| 9 | cyanide | cyanide | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 release | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 tiny | punct |
| 11 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 15 tiny | cc |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 amount | det |
| 13 | amount | amount | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 tiny | nsubj |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 tiny | cop |
| 15 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 contain | conj |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 passes | cc |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 pip | det |
| 18 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 pip | amod |
| 19 | swallowed | swallow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 pip | amod |
| 20 | pip | pip | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 passes | nsubj |
| 21 | usually | usually | ADV | _ | 22 passes | advmod |
| 22 | passes | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 tiny | conj |
| 23 | out | out | ADP | _ | 22 passes | compound:prt |
| 24 | unbroken | unbroken | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 passes | xcomp |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 need | punct |
| 26 | harm | harm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 need | nsubj |
| 27 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 need | aux |
| 28 | need | need | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 passes | conj |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 number | det |
| 30 | very | very | ADV | _ | 31 large | advmod |
| 31 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 number | amod |
| 32 | number | number | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 need | obj |
| 33 | chewed | chew | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 32 number | acl |
| 34 | at | at | ADP | _ | 35 once | case |
| 35 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 33 chewed | obl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 contain | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | contain | present | Apple pips | a substance | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot substance=Theme | ||||
| 2 | release | can | a substance | cyanide | vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Causer cyanide=Source | ||||
| 3 | is | present | the amount | tiny property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | swallow | participle | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | pass out | present | a whole swallowed pip | unbroken, usually property | vn change_bodily_state-40.8.4 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 6 | need | would | harm | a large number | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot number=Theme | ||||
| 7 | chew | participle | a large number not said here | vn chew-39.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent at once=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:myths:001-what-really-happens-to-things-you-swallow.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/1-what-really-happens-to-things-you-swallow/11/