Water, deserts and the shape of the land, sentence 17
The sea is salty because rain wears tiny bits of minerals from rocks and rivers carry them to the sea; the water evaporates (dries up into the air) and the salt stays behind.
Who acts: sea, rain, rocks, water, salt · What happens: be, wear, carry, evaporate, dry up, stay · To what, where: tiny bits, bits, sea, air
This is a sentence of the lesson «Water, deserts and the shape of the land» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sea, rain, rocks, water), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 sea | det |
| 2 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 salty | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 salty | cop |
| 4 | salty | salty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 7 wears | mark |
| 6 | rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 wears | nsubj |
| 7 | wears | wear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 salty | advcl |
| 8 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 bits | amod |
| 9 | bits | bit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 wears | obj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 minerals | case |
| 11 | minerals | mineral | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 bits | nmod |
| 12 | from | from | ADP | _ | 13 rocks | case |
| 13 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 carry | nsubj |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 rivers | cc |
| 15 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 rocks | conj |
| 16 | carry | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 minerals | acl:relcl |
| 17 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 carry | obj |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 20 sea | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 sea | det |
| 20 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 carry | obl |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 evaporates | punct |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 water | det |
| 23 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 evaporates | nsubj |
| 24 | evaporates | evaporate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 salty | conj |
| 25 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 26 dries | punct |
| 26 | dries | dry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 evaporates | parataxis |
| 27 | up | up | ADV | _ | 26 dries | advmod |
| 28 | into | into | ADP | _ | 30 air | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 air | det |
| 30 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 dries | obl |
| 31 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 26 dries | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 stays | cc |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 salt | det |
| 34 | salt | salt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 stays | nsubj |
| 35 | stays | stay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 evaporates | conj |
| 36 | behind | behind | ADV | _ | 35 stays | advmod |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 salty | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the sea | salty property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | wear | present | rain | tiny bits of minerals | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent bit=Source | ||||
| 3 | carry | present | rocks and rivers | bits = bit | the sea | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme to sea=Destination | |||
| 4 | evaporate | present | the water | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 5 | dry up | present | the air | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 6 | stay | present | the salt | behind property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:myths:016-water-deserts-and-the-shape-of-the-land.lesson:17.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/16-water-deserts-and-the-shape-of-the-land/17/