Explorers, scientists and inventors, sentence 8

Columbus's critics argued that the Earth was much bigger than he claimed, and they were right; he was sailing west to reach Asia, which was far too far for his ships' food and water, and he only survived because the Americas lay in the way.

Who acts: critics, Earth, Columbus, Asia, Americas · What happens: argue, be, claim, sail, reach, survive · To what, where: Asia, way · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Explorers, scientists and inventors» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (critics, Earth, Columbus, Asia), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Columbus	Columbus	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 critics	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Columbus	case
3	critics	critic	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 argued	nsubj
4	argued	argue	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	that	that	SCONJ	_	10 bigger	mark
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Earth	det
7	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 bigger	nsubj
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 bigger	cop
9	much	much	ADV	_	10 bigger	advmod
10	bigger	big	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 argued	ccomp
11	than	than	SCONJ	_	13 claimed	mark
12	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 claimed	nsubj
13	claimed	claim	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 bigger	advcl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 right	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 right	cc
16	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 right	nsubj
17	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	18 right	cop
18	right	right	ADJ	_	4 argued	conj
19	;	;	PUNCT	_	22 sailing	punct
20	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 sailing	nsubj
21	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	22 sailing	aux
22	sailing	sail	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 argued	parataxis
23	west	west	ADV	_	22 sailing	advmod
24	to	to	PART	_	25 reach	mark
25	reach	reach	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	22 sailing	advcl
26	Asia	Asia	PROPN	Number=Sing	25 reach	obj
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 Asia	punct
28	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	32 far	nsubj
29	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	32 far	cop
30	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	32 far	advmod
31	too	too	ADV	_	32 far	advmod
32	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	26 Asia	acl:relcl
33	for	for	ADP	_	37 food	case
34	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	35 ships	nmod:poss
35	ships	ship	NOUN	Number=Plur	37 food	nmod:poss
36	'	's	PART	_	35 ships	case
37	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 far	obl
38	and	and	CCONJ	_	39 water	cc
39	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 food	conj
40	,	,	PUNCT	_	44 survived	punct
41	and	and	CCONJ	_	44 survived	cc
42	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	44 survived	nsubj
43	only	only	ADV	_	44 survived	advmod
44	survived	survive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	22 sailing	conj
45	because	because	SCONJ	_	48 lay	mark
46	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	47 Americas	det
47	Americas	Americas	PROPN	Number=Plur	48 lay	nsubj
48	lay	lie	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	44 survived	advcl
49	in	in	ADP	_	51 way	case
50	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	51 way	det
51	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	48 lay	obl
52	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 argued	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	argue speech: disagree	past	Columbus's critics				vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is	past	the Earth			big property	tree rules
3	claim speech: other	past	Columbus				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
4	is	past	critics = critic			right property	tree rules
5	sail	past · progressive	Columbus			west property	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent
6	reach	to-infinitive	Columbus not said here	Asia			vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent asia=Theme
7	is	past	Asia			for Columbus's ships's food and water; far property	tree rules
8	survive	past	Columbus				vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
9	lie	past	the Americas		the way		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in way=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:myths:020-explorers-scientists-and-inventors.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/20-explorers-scientists-and-inventors/8/