Ancient times and famous stories, sentence 17

In some Russian and Finnish villages before fridges, people are reported to have dropped a live frog into milk; scientists later found germ-fighting substances in the skin of one kind of frog, but nobody has shown it kept milk fresh, and it is not a safe idea.

Who acts: scientists, nobody, kind · What happens: report, drop, find, fight, show, keep · To what, where: people, Russian villages, live frog, milk, germ fighting substances, skin · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Ancient times and famous stories» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (scientists, nobody, kind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	6 villages	case
2	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	6 villages	det
3	Russian	Russian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 villages	amod
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 Finnish	cc
5	Finnish	finnish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 Russian	conj
6	villages	village	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 reported	obl
7	before	before	ADP	_	8 fridges	case
8	fridges	fridge	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 villages	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 reported	punct
10	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 reported	nsubj:pass
11	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 reported	aux:pass
12	reported	report	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
13	to	to	PART	_	15 dropped	mark
14	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	15 dropped	aux
15	dropped	drop	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	12 reported	xcomp
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 frog	det
17	live	live	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 frog	amod
18	frog	frog	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 dropped	obj
19	into	into	ADP	_	20 milk	case
20	milk	milk	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 dropped	obl
21	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 reported	punct
22	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 found	nsubj
23	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	24 found	advmod
24	found	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 reported	parataxis
25	germ	germ	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 substances	compound
26	-	-	PUNCT	_	25 germ	punct
27	fighting	fight	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	28 substances	amod
28	substances	substance	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 found	obj
29	in	in	ADP	_	31 skin	case
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 skin	det
31	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 substances	nmod
32	of	of	ADP	_	34 kind	case
33	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	34 kind	nummod
34	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 skin	nmod
35	of	of	ADP	_	36 frog	case
36	frog	frog	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 kind	nmod
37	,	,	PUNCT	_	41 shown	punct
38	but	but	CCONJ	_	41 shown	cc
39	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	41 shown	nsubj
40	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	41 shown	aux
41	shown	show	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	12 reported	conj
42	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	43 kept	nsubj
43	kept	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	41 shown	ccomp
44	milk	milk	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 kept	obj
45	fresh	fresh	ADJ	Degree=Pos	43 kept	xcomp
46	,	,	PUNCT	_	53 idea	punct
47	and	and	CCONJ	_	53 idea	cc
48	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	53 idea	nsubj
49	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	53 idea	cop
50	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	53 idea	advmod
51	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	53 idea	det
52	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	53 idea	amod
53	idea	idea	NOUN	Number=Sing	41 shown	conj
54	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 reported	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	report	present · passive		people	some Russian villages before fridges		tree rules
2	drop	to-infinitive · perfect		a live frog	milk		vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent frog=Theme into milk=Destination
3	find	past	scientists	germ fighting substances	the skin of one kind of frog	late property	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent substance=Topic
4	fight	gerund					vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	show	present · perfect	nobody				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
6	keep	past	kind	milk		fresh property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent milk=Theme
7	not is a	present	kind	a safe idea			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:myths:021-ancient-times-and-famous-stories.lesson:17.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/21-ancient-times-and-famous-stories/17/