School legends, sentence 15
Some small studies found chewing gum can make you feel a little more alert (awake and paying attention) for a short time, but the results are mixed, and gum gives no magic marks; many schools do not allow it.
Who acts: small studies, chewing gum, you, gum, many schools · What happens: find, make, feel, pay, mix, give · To what, where: you, attention, results, magic marks, mark · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «School legends» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (small studies, chewing gum, you, gum), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 3 studies | det |
| 2 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 studies | amod |
| 3 | studies | study | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 found | nsubj |
| 4 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | chewing | chewing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 gum | compound |
| 6 | gum | gum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 make | nsubj |
| 7 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 make | aux |
| 8 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 found | ccomp |
| 9 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 8 make | obj |
| 10 | feel | feel | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 make | xcomp |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 little | det |
| 12 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 more | obl |
| 13 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 14 alert | advmod |
| 14 | alert | alert | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 feel | xcomp |
| 15 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 16 awake | punct |
| 16 | awake | awake | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 alert | appos |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 paying | cc |
| 18 | paying | pay | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 awake | conj |
| 19 | attention | attention | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 paying | obj |
| 20 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 19 attention | punct |
| 21 | for | for | ADP | _ | 24 time | case |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 time | det |
| 23 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 time | amod |
| 24 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 paying | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 mixed | punct |
| 26 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 30 mixed | cc |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 results | det |
| 28 | results | result | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 mixed | nsubj:pass |
| 29 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 mixed | aux:pass |
| 30 | mixed | mix | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 found | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 gives | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 gives | cc |
| 33 | gum | gum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 gives | nsubj |
| 34 | gives | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 found | conj |
| 35 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 37 marks | det |
| 36 | magic | magic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 marks | compound |
| 37 | marks | mark | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 gives | obj |
| 38 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 43 allow | punct |
| 39 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 schools | amod |
| 40 | schools | school | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 allow | nsubj |
| 41 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 43 allow | aux |
| 42 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 43 allow | advmod |
| 43 | allow | allow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 found | parataxis |
| 44 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 allow | obj |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 found | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | find | past | some small studies | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | make | can | chewing gum | you | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | feel | infinitive | you not said here | alert property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | pay | gerund | you not said here | attention | time | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent attention=Asset | |||
| 5 | mix | present · passive | the results | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 6 | give | present | gum | no magic marks | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mark=Theme | ||||
| 7 | not allow | present · do-support | many schools | mark | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:myths:024-school-legends.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×5, R7-rel-agree ×4. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/24-school-legends/15/