Why things fall: the apple and the pull of the Earth, sentence 8
A ball thrown straight up is pulled by gravity the whole time, even at the top where it seems to stop for a moment.
Who acts: gravity, it · What happens: throw, pull, seem, stop · To what, where: ball, top
This is a sentence of the lesson «Why things fall: the apple and the pull of the Earth» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (gravity, it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 ball | det |
| 2 | ball | ball | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 pulled | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | thrown | throw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 ball | acl |
| 4 | straight | straight | ADV | _ | 5 up | advmod |
| 5 | up | up | ADV | _ | 3 thrown | advmod |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 pulled | aux:pass |
| 7 | pulled | pull | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | by | by | ADP | _ | 9 gravity | case |
| 9 | gravity | gravity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 pulled | obl:agent |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 time | det |
| 11 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 time | amod |
| 12 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 pulled | obl:unmarked |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 pulled | punct |
| 14 | even | even | ADV | _ | 17 top | advmod |
| 15 | at | at | ADP | _ | 17 top | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 top | det |
| 17 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 pulled | obl |
| 18 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 20 seems | advmod |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 seems | nsubj |
| 20 | seems | seem | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 top | acl:relcl |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 stop | mark |
| 22 | stop | stop | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 seems | xcomp |
| 23 | for | for | ADP | _ | 25 moment | case |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 moment | det |
| 25 | moment | moment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 stop | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 pulled | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | throw | participle | a ball not said here | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | pull | present · passive | gravity | a ball | the top | time | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent subject=Theme at top=Asset | ||
| 3 | seem | present | it | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute | |||||
| 4 | stop | to-infinitive | moment | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:001-why-things-fall.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/1-why-things-fall/8/