Swings and pendulums, sentence 1

Its rhythm is set by the length of the chains, not by how hard you are pushed or how heavy you are, which is why an old grandfather clock can count time with a swinging pendulum.

Who acts: length, you, old grandfather clock · What happens: set, push, be, count, swing · To what, where: rhythm, you

This is a sentence of the lesson «Swings and pendulums» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (length, you, old grandfather clock), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 rhythm	nmod:poss
2	rhythm	rhythm	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 set	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 set	aux:pass
4	set	set	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 length	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 length	det
7	length	length	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 set	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 chains	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 chains	det
10	chains	chain	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 length	nmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 hard	punct
12	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	15 hard	advmod
13	by	by	ADP	_	15 hard	case
14	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	15 hard	advmod
15	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 length	parataxis
16	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	18 pushed	nsubj
17	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 pushed	aux:pass
18	pushed	push	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 hard	conj
19	or	or	CCONJ	_	21 heavy	cc
20	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	21 heavy	advmod
21	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 pushed	conj
22	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	21 heavy	nsubj
23	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 heavy	cop
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 why	punct
25	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	27 why	nsubj
26	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 why	cop
27	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	33 count	advmod
28	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	31 clock	det
29	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 clock	amod
30	grandfather	grandfather	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 clock	compound
31	clock	clock	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 count	nsubj
32	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	33 count	aux
33	count	count	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 set	parataxis
34	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 count	obj
35	with	with	ADP	_	38 pendulum	case
36	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	38 pendulum	det
37	swinging	swing	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	38 pendulum	amod
38	pendulum	pendulum	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 count	obl
39	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 set	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	set	present · passive	the length of the chains	swing's rhythm			vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient subject=Result
2	push	present · passive		you			vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
3	is	present	you			heavy property	tree rules
4	is	present				why property	tree rules
5	count	can	a old grandfather clock		time	with a swinging pendulum	vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus
6	swing	gerund					vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:010-swings-and-pendulums.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/10-swings-and-pendulums/1/