Swings and pendulums, sentence 15

In Newton's cradle, swing one ball in and one flies out the other side, swing two in and two fly out, because the knock passes through the still balls.

Who acts: you, one, two, knock · What happens: swing, fly out, pass · To what, where: one ball, cradle, other side, two, still balls

This is a sentence of the lesson «Swings and pendulums» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, one, two, knock), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	4 cradle	case
2	Newton	Newton	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 cradle	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 Newton	case
4	cradle	cradle	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 swing	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 cradle	punct
6	swing	swing	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 ball	nummod
8	ball	ball	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 swing	obj
9	in	in	ADV	_	6 swing	advmod
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 flies	cc
11	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	12 flies	nsubj
12	flies	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 swing	conj
13	out	out	ADP	_	12 flies	compound:prt
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 side	det
15	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 side	amod
16	side	side	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 flies	obj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 swing	punct
18	swing	swing	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	6 swing	conj
19	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	18 swing	obj
20	in	in	ADV	_	18 swing	advmod
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 fly	cc
22	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	23 fly	nsubj
23	fly	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 swing	conj
24	out	out	ADP	_	23 fly	compound:prt
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 passes	punct
26	because	because	SCONJ	_	29 passes	mark
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 knock	det
28	knock	knock	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 passes	nsubj
29	passes	pass	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 flies	advcl
30	through	through	ADP	_	33 balls	case
31	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 balls	det
32	still	still	ADJ	_	33 balls	amod
33	balls	ball	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 passes	obl
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 swing	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	swing	imperative	you not said here	one ball	Newton's cradle	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent ball=Theme in cradle=Location
2	fly out	present	one	the other side		vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location side=Theme
3	swing	infinitive	you not said here	two		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent two=Theme
4	fly out	present	two			vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	pass	present	the knock		the still balls	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through ball=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:010-swings-and-pendulums.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/10-swings-and-pendulums/15/