The air presses on everything, sentence 15

An empty bottle closed during a flight is squashed when the plane lands, because the thin air inside cannot push back against the stronger air at the ground.

Who acts: plane, thin air · What happens: close, squash, land, not push back · To what, where: empty bottle

This is a sentence of the lesson «The air presses on everything» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (plane, thin air), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 bottle	det
2	empty	empty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 bottle	amod
3	bottle	bottle	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 squashed	nsubj:pass
4	closed	close	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 bottle	acl
5	during	during	ADP	_	7 flight	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 flight	det
7	flight	flight	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 closed	obl
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 squashed	aux:pass
9	squashed	squash	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
10	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	13 lands	advmod
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 plane	det
12	plane	plane	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 lands	nsubj
13	lands	land	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 squashed	advcl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 push	punct
15	because	because	SCONJ	_	22 push	mark
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 air	det
17	thin	thin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 air	amod
18	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 push	nsubj
19	inside	inside	ADV	_	18 air	advmod
20	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	22 push	aux
21	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	22 push	advmod
22	push	push	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 squashed	advcl
23	back	back	ADV	_	22 push	advmod
24	against	against	ADP	_	27 air	case
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 air	det
26	stronger	strong	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	27 air	amod
27	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 push	obl
28	at	at	ADP	_	30 ground	case
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 ground	det
30	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 air	nmod
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 squashed	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	close	participle		a empty bottle not said here	during a flight		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	squash	present · passive		a empty bottle			vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
3	land	present	the plane				vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	not push back	can	the thin air			against the stronger air at the ground	vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent against air=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:014-the-air-presses-on-everything.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/14-the-air-presses-on-everything/15/