Wind and weather, sentence 3
The wings of a plane turn the air downwards, and the air pushes back up on the wings strongly enough to hold up a giant jet.
Who acts: wings, air · What happens: turn, push, hold up · To what, where: air, wings, giant jet
This is a sentence of the lesson «Wind and weather» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wings, air), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 wings | det |
| 2 | wings | wing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 turn | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 plane | case |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 plane | det |
| 5 | plane | plane | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 wings | nmod |
| 6 | turn | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 air | det |
| 8 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 turn | obj |
| 9 | downwards | downwards | ADV | _ | 6 turn | advmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 pushes | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 pushes | cc |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 air | det |
| 13 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 pushes | nsubj |
| 14 | pushes | push | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 turn | conj |
| 15 | back | back | ADV | _ | 16 up | advmod |
| 16 | up | up | ADV | _ | 19 wings | advmod |
| 17 | on | on | ADP | _ | 19 wings | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 wings | det |
| 19 | wings | wing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 pushes | obl |
| 20 | strongly | strongly | ADV | _ | 21 enough | advmod |
| 21 | enough | enough | ADV | _ | 23 hold | advmod |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 23 hold | mark |
| 23 | hold | hold | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 pushes | xcomp |
| 24 | up | up | ADP | _ | 23 hold | compound:prt |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 jet | det |
| 26 | giant | giant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 jet | amod |
| 27 | jet | jet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 hold | obj |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 turn | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | turn | present | the wings of a plane | the air | downwards property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent air=Theme | |||
| 2 | push | present | the air | the wings | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | hold up | to-infinitive | the air not said here | a giant jet | enough property | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot jet=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:015-wind-and-weather.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/15-wind-and-weather/3/