What sound is: wobbles in the air, sentence 12
A bat finds its way in the dark by making very high squeaks and listening for the echoes.
Who acts: bat · What happens: find, make, listen · To what, where: way, dark, high squeaks
This is a sentence of the lesson «What sound is: wobbles in the air» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 bat | det |
| 2 | bat | bat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 finds | nsubj |
| 3 | finds | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 way | nmod:poss |
| 5 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 finds | obj |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 dark | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 dark | det |
| 8 | dark | dark | NOUN | _ | 3 finds | obl |
| 9 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 10 making | mark |
| 10 | making | make | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 finds | advcl |
| 11 | very | very | ADV | _ | 12 high | advmod |
| 12 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 squeaks | amod |
| 13 | squeaks | squeak | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 making | obj |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 listening | cc |
| 15 | listening | listen | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 making | conj |
| 16 | for | for | ADP | _ | 18 echoes | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 echoes | det |
| 18 | echoes | echo | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 listening | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 finds | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | find | present | a bat | bat's way | the dark | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic | |||
| 2 | make | gerund | a bat not said here | high squeaks | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset squeak=Product | ||||
| 3 | listen | gerund | a bat not said here | for the echoes | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for echo=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:017-what-sound-is-wobbles-in-the-air.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/17-what-sound-is-wobbles-in-the-air/12/