Thunder, sirens and how fast sound travels, sentence 15

Cupping your hand behind your ear gathers more sound into it, which is why foxes and rabbits have big ears that turn towards sounds.

Who acts: Cupping, foxes, big ears · What happens: cup, gather, be, have, turn · To what, where: hand, ear, more sound, big ears, sounds

This is a sentence of the lesson «Thunder, sirens and how fast sound travels» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cupping, foxes, big ears), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cupping	cup	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 gathers	csubj
2	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 hand	nmod:poss
3	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Cupping	obj
4	behind	behind	ADP	_	6 ear	case
5	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 ear	nmod:poss
6	ear	ear	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Cupping	obl
7	gathers	gather	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	9 sound	amod
9	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 gathers	obj
10	into	into	ADP	_	11 it	case
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 gathers	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 why	punct
13	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	15 why	nsubj
14	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 why	cop
15	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	7 gathers	parataxis
16	foxes	fox	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 have	nsubj
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 rabbits	cc
18	rabbits	rabbit	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 foxes	conj
19	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 why	ccomp
20	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 ears	amod
21	ears	ear	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 have	obj
22	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	23 turn	nsubj
23	turn	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 ears	acl:relcl
24	towards	towards	ADP	_	25 sounds	case
25	sounds	sound	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 turn	obl
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 gathers	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed act=assert

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	cup	gerund		your hand	your ear		vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent hand=Theme
2	gather	present	Cupping	more sound		into Sound	vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent sound=Patient into it=Co-Patient
3	is	present				why property	tree rules
4	have	present	foxes and rabbits	big ears			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ear=Patient
5	turn	present	big ears		sounds		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme towards sound=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:018-thunder-sirens-and-how-fast-sound-travels.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/18-thunder-sirens-and-how-fast-sound-travels/15/