Thunder, sirens and how fast sound travels, sentence 5
In air sound travels about one kilometre every three seconds, while light arrives almost instantly, being about a million times faster.
Who acts: sound, light · What happens: travel, arrive, be · To what, where: one kilometre, air, million times
This is a sentence of the lesson «Thunder, sirens and how fast sound travels» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sound, light), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 air | case |
| 2 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 travels | obl |
| 3 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 travels | nsubj |
| 4 | travels | travel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | about | about | ADV | _ | 6 one | advmod |
| 6 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 kilometre | nummod |
| 7 | kilometre | kilometre | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 travels | obl |
| 8 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 10 seconds | det |
| 9 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 10 seconds | nummod |
| 10 | seconds | second | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 travels | obl:unmarked |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 arrives | punct |
| 12 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 14 arrives | mark |
| 13 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 arrives | nsubj |
| 14 | arrives | arrive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 travels | advcl |
| 15 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 16 instantly | advmod |
| 16 | instantly | instantly | ADV | _ | 14 arrives | advmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 times | punct |
| 18 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 22 times | cop |
| 19 | about | about | ADV | _ | 21 million | advmod |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 million | det |
| 21 | million | million | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 22 times | nummod |
| 22 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 travels | advcl |
| 23 | faster | fast | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 22 times | amod |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 travels | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | travel | present | sound | one kilometre | air | second | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in air=Trajectory | ||
| 2 | arrive | present | light | instantly property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is a | gerund | sound not said here | million times | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:018-thunder-sirens-and-how-fast-sound-travels.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/18-thunder-sirens-and-how-fast-sound-travels/5/