Mirrors, rainbows and the blue sky, sentence 0
A mirror is so smooth that light bounces off it neatly, at the same angle it arrived, so the picture stays whole; crumpled foil bounces light every which way and shows no picture at all.
Who acts: mirror, light, picture, crumpled foil · What happens: be, bounce off, arrive, stay, crumple, bounce · To what, where: mirror, same angle, light, picture, all
This is a sentence of the lesson «Mirrors, rainbows and the blue sky» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mirror, light, picture, crumpled foil), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 mirror | det |
| 2 | mirror | mirror | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 smooth | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 smooth | cop |
| 4 | so | so | ADV | _ | 5 smooth | advmod |
| 5 | smooth | smooth | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 bounces | mark |
| 7 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 bounces | nsubj |
| 8 | bounces | bounce | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 smooth | ccomp |
| 9 | off | off | ADP | _ | 10 it | case |
| 10 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 bounces | obl |
| 11 | neatly | neatly | ADV | _ | 8 bounces | advmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 arrived | punct |
| 13 | at | at | ADP | _ | 16 angle | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 angle | det |
| 15 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 angle | amod |
| 16 | angle | angle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 arrived | obl |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 arrived | nsubj |
| 18 | arrived | arrive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 smooth | parataxis |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 stays | punct |
| 20 | so | so | ADV | _ | 23 stays | advmod |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 picture | det |
| 22 | picture | picture | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 stays | nsubj |
| 23 | stays | stay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 arrived | conj |
| 24 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 stays | xcomp |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 5 smooth | punct |
| 26 | crumpled | crumple | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 foil | amod |
| 27 | foil | foil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 bounces | nsubj |
| 28 | bounces | bounce | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 smooth | parataxis |
| 29 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 bounces | obj |
| 30 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 32 way | det |
| 31 | which | which | DET | PronType=Int | 32 way | det |
| 32 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 bounces | obl |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 shows | cc |
| 34 | shows | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 bounces | conj |
| 35 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 36 picture | det |
| 36 | picture | picture | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 shows | obj |
| 37 | at | at | ADP | _ | 38 all | case |
| 38 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 34 shows | obl |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 smooth | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | a mirror | smooth property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | bounce off | present | light | mirror | neatly property | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | |||
| 3 | arrive | past | light | the same angle | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | stay | present | the picture | whole property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | crumple | participle | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 6 | bounce | present | crumpled foil | light | every way obl | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Agent | |||
| 7 | show | present | crumpled foil not said here | no picture | all | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent picture=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:021-mirrors-rainbows-and-the-blue-sky.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/21-mirrors-rainbows-and-the-blue-sky/0/