Heat moves: hot to cold, sentence 4
A thermometer is the honest judge: its liquid grows longer as it warms and shrinks as it cools.
Who acts: thermometer, liquid · What happens: be, grow, warm, shrink, cool · To what, where: honest judge
This is a sentence of the lesson «Heat moves: hot to cold» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thermometer, liquid), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 thermometer | det |
| 2 | thermometer | thermometer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 judge | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 judge | cop |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 judge | det |
| 5 | honest | honest | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 judge | amod |
| 6 | judge | judge | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 10 grows | punct |
| 8 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 liquid | nmod:poss |
| 9 | liquid | liquid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 grows | nsubj |
| 10 | grows | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 judge | parataxis |
| 11 | longer | long | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 10 grows | advmod |
| 12 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 14 warms | mark |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 warms | nsubj |
| 14 | warms | warm | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 grows | advcl |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 shrinks | cc |
| 16 | shrinks | shrink | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 warms | conj |
| 17 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 19 cools | mark |
| 18 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 cools | nsubj |
| 19 | cools | cool | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 shrinks | advcl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 judge | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a thermometer | the honest judge | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | grow | present | thermometer's liquid | long property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | warm | present | liquid | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 4 | shrink | present | liquid not said here | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 5 | cool | present | liquid | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:023-heat-moves-hot-to-cold.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/23-heat-moves-hot-to-cold/4/