Parachutes, skydivers and falling safely, sentence 17
A lacy snowflake drifts down slowly, but a hailstone is a solid ball of ice and pelts down; big hailstones can dent cars.
Who acts: lacy snowflake, hailstone, big hailstones · What happens: drift down, be, pelt down, dent · To what, where: solid ball, cars
This is a sentence of the lesson «Parachutes, skydivers and falling safely» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lacy snowflake, hailstone, big hailstones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 snowflake | det |
| 2 | lacy | lacy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 snowflake | amod |
| 3 | snowflake | snowflake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 drifts | nsubj |
| 4 | drifts | drift | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | down | down | ADV | _ | 4 drifts | advmod |
| 6 | slowly | slowly | ADV | _ | 4 drifts | advmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 ball | punct |
| 8 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 14 ball | cc |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 hailstone | det |
| 10 | hailstone | hailstone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 ball | nsubj |
| 11 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 ball | cop |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 ball | det |
| 13 | solid | solid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 ball | amod |
| 14 | ball | ball | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 drifts | conj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 ice | case |
| 16 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 ball | nmod |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 pelts | cc |
| 18 | pelts | pelt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 ball | conj |
| 19 | down | down | ADV | _ | 18 pelts | advmod |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 4 drifts | punct |
| 21 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 hailstones | amod |
| 22 | hailstones | hailstone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 dent | nsubj |
| 23 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 24 dent | aux |
| 24 | dent | dent | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 drifts | parataxis |
| 25 | cars | car | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 dent | obj |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 drifts | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drift down | present | a lacy snowflake | down, slowly property | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | a hailstone | a solid ball | of ice | tree rules | |||
| 3 | pelt down | present | a hailstone not said here | down property | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» | ||||
| 4 | dent | can | big hailstones | cars | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent car=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:003-parachutes-and-falling-safely.lesson:17.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/3-parachutes-and-falling-safely/17/