Compasses and the magnetic Earth, sentence 11

Northern lights happen when charged bits from the Sun are guided by the Earth's magnetism down near the poles and make the high air glow; elsewhere the field shields us from them, and without it, over a very long time, they would strip away some of our air.

Who acts: Northern lights, magnetism, field, lights · What happens: happen, charge, guide, make, shield, strip away · To what, where: charged bits, high air glow, us, some

This is a sentence of the lesson «Compasses and the magnetic Earth» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Northern lights, magnetism, field, lights), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Northern	northern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 lights	amod
2	lights	light	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 happen	nsubj
3	happen	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	when	when	SCONJ	_	11 guided	mark
5	charged	charge	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 bits	amod
6	bits	bit	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 guided	nsubj
7	from	from	ADP	_	9 Sun	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Sun	det
9	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 bits	nmod
10	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 guided	aux:pass
11	guided	guide	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 happen	advcl
12	by	by	ADP	_	16 magnetism	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 Earth	det
14	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 magnetism	nmod:poss
15	's	's	PART	_	14 Earth	case
16	magnetism	magnetism	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 guided	obl
17	down	down	ADV	_	11 guided	advmod
18	near	near	ADP	_	20 poles	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 poles	det
20	poles	pole	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 down	obl
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 make	cc
22	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 guided	conj
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	26 glow	det
24	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 glow	amod
25	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 glow	compound
26	glow	glow	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 make	obj
27	;	;	PUNCT	_	31 shields	punct
28	elsewhere	elsewhere	ADV	_	31 shields	advmod
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 field	det
30	field	field	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 shields	nsubj
31	shields	shield	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 make	advcl
32	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	31 shields	obj
33	from	from	ADP	_	34 them	case
34	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 shields	obl
35	,	,	PUNCT	_	48 strip	punct
36	and	and	CCONJ	_	48 strip	cc
37	without	without	ADP	_	38 it	case
38	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	48 strip	obl
39	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 it	punct
40	over	over	ADP	_	44 time	case
41	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	44 time	det
42	very	very	ADV	_	43 long	advmod
43	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	44 time	amod
44	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	48 strip	obl
45	,	,	PUNCT	_	44 time	punct
46	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	48 strip	nsubj
47	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	48 strip	aux
48	strip	strip	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 happen	conj
49	away	away	ADV	_	48 strip	compound:prt
50	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	48 strip	obj
51	of	of	ADP	_	53 air	case
52	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	53 air	nmod:poss
53	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	50 some	nmod
54	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed act=assert

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	happen	present	Northern lights				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	charge	participle					vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	guide	present · passive	the Earth's magnetism	charged bits from the Sun		down property	vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
4	make	present	the Earth's magnetism not said here	the high air glow			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset glow=Product
5	shield	present	the field	us		from bits = bit; elsewhere property	tree rules
6	strip away	would	lights = light	some	time	without Pole	vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent some=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:030-compasses-and-the-magnetic-earth.lesson:11.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/30-compasses-and-the-magnetic-earth/11/