Rockets, record speeds and motion everywhere, sentence 15

In a braking car a helium balloon on a string leans backwards, because the heavier air sloshes forward and pushes the light balloon away, as water pushes a cork up.

Who acts: helium balloon, heavier air, water · What happens: brake, lean, slosh, push, push up · To what, where: braking car, light balloon, cork

This is a sentence of the lesson «Rockets, record speeds and motion everywhere» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (helium balloon, heavier air, water), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	4 car	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 car	det
3	braking	brake	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 car	compound
4	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 leans	obl
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 balloon	det
6	helium	helium	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 balloon	compound
7	balloon	balloon	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 leans	nsubj
8	on	on	ADP	_	10 string	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 string	det
10	string	string	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 balloon	nmod
11	leans	lean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
12	backwards	backward	ADV	_	11 leans	advmod
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 leans	punct
14	because	because	SCONJ	_	18 sloshes	mark
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 air	det
16	heavier	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	17 air	amod
17	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 sloshes	nsubj
18	sloshes	slosh	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 leans	advcl
19	forward	forward	ADV	_	18 sloshes	advmod
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 pushes	cc
21	pushes	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 sloshes	conj
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 balloon	det
23	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 balloon	compound
24	balloon	balloon	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 pushes	obj
25	away	away	ADV	_	21 pushes	advmod
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 leans	punct
27	as	as	SCONJ	_	29 pushes	mark
28	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 pushes	nsubj
29	pushes	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 leans	advcl
30	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	31 cork	det
31	cork	cork	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 pushes	obj
32	up	up	ADP	_	29 pushes	compound:prt
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 leans	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	brake	gerund					tree rules
2	lean	present	a helium balloon on a string		a braking car	backward property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in car=Location
3	slosh	present	the heavier air			forward property	vn pour-9.5 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme
4	push	present	the heavier air not said here	the light balloon		away property	vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent balloon=Theme
5	push up	present	water	a cork			vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cork=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:038-rockets-record-speeds-and-motion-everywhere.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/38-rockets-record-speeds-and-motion-everywhere/15/