Rockets, record speeds and motion everywhere, sentence 5
A rocket throws hot gas out downwards and the gas pushes the rocket up; it does not need air to push against.
Who acts: rocket, gas · What happens: throw, push up, not need, push · To what, where: hot gas, rocket, air
This is a sentence of the lesson «Rockets, record speeds and motion everywhere» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rocket, gas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 rocket | det |
| 2 | rocket | rocket | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 throws | nsubj |
| 3 | throws | throw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | hot | hot | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 gas | amod |
| 5 | gas | gas | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 throws | obj |
| 6 | out | out | ADV | _ | 7 downwards | advmod |
| 7 | downwards | downward | ADV | _ | 3 throws | advmod |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 pushes | cc |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 gas | det |
| 10 | gas | gas | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 pushes | nsubj |
| 11 | pushes | push | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 throws | conj |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 rocket | det |
| 13 | rocket | rocket | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 pushes | obj |
| 14 | up | up | ADP | _ | 11 pushes | compound:prt |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 need | punct |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 need | nsubj |
| 17 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 need | aux |
| 18 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 19 need | advmod |
| 19 | need | need | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 throws | parataxis |
| 20 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 need | obj |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 push | mark |
| 22 | push | push | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 air | acl |
| 23 | against | against | ADP | _ | 22 push | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 throws | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | throw | present | a rocket | hot gas | downward property | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gas=Theme | |||
| 2 | push up | present | the gas | the rocket | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rocket=Theme | ||||
| 3 | not need | present · do-support | gas | air | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot air=Theme | ||||
| 4 | push | to-infinitive | gas not said here | air not said here | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:038-rockets-record-speeds-and-motion-everywhere.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/38-rockets-record-speeds-and-motion-everywhere/5/