Olympiad: forces, floating and machines ★★★, sentence 15
A tennis ball and a golf ball dropped together from a table land at about the same time, but a flat sheet of paper drifts down far more slowly because the air slows it much more.
Who acts: tennis ball, flat sheet, air · What happens: drop, land, drift down, slow · To what, where: table, sheet
This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: forces, floating and machines ★★★» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tennis ball, flat sheet, air), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 ball | det |
| 2 | tennis | tennis | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 ball | compound |
| 3 | ball | ball | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 dropped | nsubj |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 ball | cc |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 ball | det |
| 6 | golf | golf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 ball | compound |
| 7 | ball | ball | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 ball | conj |
| 8 | dropped | drop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | together | together | ADV | _ | 8 dropped | advmod |
| 10 | from | from | ADP | _ | 12 table | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 land | det |
| 12 | table | table | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 dropped | obl |
| 13 | land | land | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 dropped | conj |
| 14 | at | at | ADP | _ | 18 time | case |
| 15 | about | about | ADV | _ | 18 time | advmod |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 time | det |
| 17 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 time | amod |
| 18 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 land | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 drifts | punct |
| 20 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 26 drifts | cc |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 sheet | det |
| 22 | flat | flat | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 sheet | amod |
| 23 | sheet | sheet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 drifts | nsubj |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 paper | case |
| 25 | paper | paper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 sheet | nmod |
| 26 | drifts | drift | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 dropped | conj |
| 27 | down | down | ADV | _ | 26 drifts | advmod |
| 28 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 26 drifts | advmod |
| 29 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 30 slowly | advmod |
| 30 | slowly | slowly | ADV | _ | 26 drifts | advmod |
| 31 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 34 slows | mark |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 air | det |
| 33 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 slows | nsubj |
| 34 | slows | slow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 drifts | advcl |
| 35 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 slows | obj |
| 36 | much | much | ADV | _ | 37 more | advmod |
| 37 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 34 slows | advmod |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 dropped | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drop | past | a tennis ball and a golf ball | table | together property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme from table=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | land | infinitive | a tennis ball and a golf ball not said here | time | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | drift down | present | a flat sheet of paper | down, far, slowly property | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | slow | present | the air | sheet | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:042-olympiad-forces-floating-and-machines.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/42-olympiad-forces-floating-and-machines/15/