Olympiad: sound, light, heat, electricity and magnets ★★★, sentence 5

In air sound travels about one kilometre every three seconds, while light arrives almost instantly, so seconds divided by three gives the distance of a storm in kilometres.

Who acts: sound, light, seconds · What happens: travel, arrive, divide, give · To what, where: one kilometre, air, seconds, distance

This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: sound, light, heat, electricity and magnets ★★★» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sound, light, seconds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 air	case
2	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 travels	obl
3	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 travels	nsubj
4	travels	travel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	about	about	ADV	_	6 one	advmod
6	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 kilometre	nummod
7	kilometre	kilometre	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 travels	obl
8	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	10 seconds	det
9	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 seconds	nummod
10	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 travels	obl:unmarked
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 arrives	punct
12	while	while	SCONJ	_	14 arrives	mark
13	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 arrives	nsubj
14	arrives	arrive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 travels	advcl
15	almost	almost	ADV	_	16 instantly	advmod
16	instantly	instantly	ADV	_	14 arrives	advmod
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 gives	punct
18	so	so	ADV	_	23 gives	advmod
19	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 gives	nsubj
20	divided	divide	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	19 seconds	acl
21	by	by	ADP	_	22 three	case
22	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	20 divided	obl
23	gives	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 travels	parataxis
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 distance	det
25	distance	distance	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 gives	obj
26	of	of	ADP	_	28 storm	case
27	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	28 storm	det
28	storm	storm	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 distance	nmod
29	in	in	ADP	_	30 kilometres	case
30	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 storm	nmod
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 travels	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	travel	present	sound	one kilometre	air	second		vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in air=Trajectory
2	arrive	present	light				instantly property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	divide	participle		seconds not said here			by three	vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent by three=Co-Theme
4	give	present	seconds	the distance of a storm in kilometres				vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent distance=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:043-olympiad-sound-light-heat-and-magnets.lesson:5.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/43-olympiad-sound-light-heat-and-magnets/5/