Living with friction: oil, wheels and grip, sentence 16
A ruler on a tilted desk starts to slide only when the slope is steep enough for gravity to beat friction, and a rubber eraser needs a much steeper slope.
Who acts: ruler, slope, gravity, rubber eraser · What happens: tilt, start, slide, be, beat, need · To what, where: friction, steeper slope
This is a sentence of the lesson «Living with friction: oil, wheels and grip» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ruler, slope, gravity, rubber eraser), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 ruler | det |
| 2 | ruler | ruler | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 starts | nsubj |
| 3 | on | on | ADP | _ | 6 desk | case |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 desk | det |
| 5 | tilted | tilt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 desk | amod |
| 6 | desk | desk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 ruler | nmod |
| 7 | starts | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 slide | mark |
| 9 | slide | slide | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 starts | xcomp |
| 10 | only | only | ADV | _ | 15 steep | advmod |
| 11 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 15 steep | advmod |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 slope | det |
| 13 | slope | slope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 steep | nsubj |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 steep | cop |
| 15 | steep | steep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 slide | advcl |
| 16 | enough | enough | ADV | _ | 15 steep | advmod |
| 17 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 20 beat | mark |
| 18 | gravity | gravity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 beat | nsubj |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 beat | mark |
| 20 | beat | beat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 steep | advcl |
| 21 | friction | friction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 beat | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 needs | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 needs | cc |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 eraser | det |
| 25 | rubber | rubber | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 eraser | compound |
| 26 | eraser | eraser | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 needs | nsubj |
| 27 | needs | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 starts | conj |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 slope | det |
| 29 | much | much | ADV | Degree=Pos | 30 steeper | advmod |
| 30 | steeper | steep | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 31 slope | amod |
| 31 | slope | slope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 needs | obj |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 starts | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tilt | participle | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | start | present | a ruler on a tilted desk | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | slide | to-infinitive | a ruler on a tilted desk not said here | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | is | present | the slope | enough, steep property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | beat | to-infinitive | gravity | friction | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location friction=Theme | ||||
| 6 | need | present | a rubber eraser | a steeper slope | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot slope=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:007-living-with-friction.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/7-living-with-friction/16/