Riding a bike: why it stays up, sentence 4

Gears, brakes and tyres follow simple rules too: a low gear makes hills easy, and slamming on only the front brake can throw you over the handlebars.

Who acts: Gears, low gear, slamming · What happens: follow, make, slam, throw · To what, where: simple rules, hills, front brake, you, handlebars

This is a sentence of the lesson «Riding a bike: why it stays up» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gears, low gear, slamming), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gears	gear	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 follow	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 brakes	punct
3	brakes	brake	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Gears	conj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 tyres	cc
5	tyres	tyre	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 brakes	conj
6	follow	follow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	simple	simple	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 rules	amod
8	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 follow	obj
9	too	too	ADV	_	6 follow	advmod
10	:	:	PUNCT	_	14 makes	punct
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 gear	det
12	low	low	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 gear	amod
13	gear	gear	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 makes	nsubj
14	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 follow	parataxis
15	hills	hill	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 makes	obj
16	easy	easy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 makes	xcomp
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 throw	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 throw	cc
19	slamming	slam	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	26 throw	csubj
20	on	on	ADP	_	24 brake	case
21	only	only	ADV	_	24 brake	advmod
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 brake	det
23	front	front	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 brake	amod
24	brake	brake	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 slamming	obl
25	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	26 throw	aux
26	throw	throw	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 follow	conj
27	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	26 throw	obj
28	over	over	ADP	_	30 handlebars	case
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 handlebars	det
30	handlebars	handlebar	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 throw	obl
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 follow	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	present	Gears and brakes and tyres	simple rules			vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Theme
2	make	present	a low gear	hills		easy property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset hill=Product
3	slam	gerund			the front brake		vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V together»: agent=Theme
4	throw	can	slamming	you	the handlebars		vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent you=Theme over handlebar=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:009-riding-a-bike.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/9-riding-a-bike/4/