Prices, money and jobs: why everything costs more, sentence 12
A tariff is a tax on goods coming from abroad; news reports said that in 2025 the US announced many new tariffs, and some countries answered with tariffs of their own.
Who acts: tariff, goods, news reports, US, countries · What happens: be, come, say, announce, answer · To what, where: tax, goods, many new tariffs, 2025 · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Prices, money and jobs: why everything costs more» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tariff, goods, news reports, US), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 tariff | det |
| 2 | tariff | tariff | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 tax | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 tax | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 tax | det |
| 5 | tax | tax | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 goods | case |
| 7 | goods | goods | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 5 tax | nmod |
| 8 | coming | come | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 goods | acl |
| 9 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 abroad | case |
| 10 | abroad | abroad | ADV | _ | 8 coming | obl |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 14 said | punct |
| 12 | news | news | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 reports | compound |
| 13 | reports | report | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 said | nsubj |
| 14 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 tax | parataxis |
| 15 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 20 announced | mark |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 2025 | case |
| 17 | 2025 | 2025 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 20 announced | obl |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 US | det |
| 19 | US | US | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 announced | nsubj |
| 20 | announced | announce | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 said | ccomp |
| 21 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 tariffs | amod |
| 22 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 tariffs | amod |
| 23 | tariffs | tariff | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 announced | obj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 answered | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 answered | cc |
| 26 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 27 countries | det |
| 27 | countries | country | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 answered | nsubj |
| 28 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 announced | conj |
| 29 | with | with | ADP | _ | 30 tariffs | case |
| 30 | tariffs | tariff | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 answered | obl |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 own | case |
| 32 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 own | nmod:poss |
| 33 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 tariffs | nmod |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 tax | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a tariff | a tax | goods | tree rules | |||
| 2 | come | gerund | goods not said here | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from abroad=Initial_Location | |||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | news reports | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | announce speech: other | past | the US | many new tariffs | 2025 | vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tariff=Theme | |||
| 5 | answer speech: assert | past | some countries | with tariffs of tariffs's own | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:politics:018-prices-money-and-jobs-why-everything-costs-more.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/18-prices-money-and-jobs-why-everything-costs-more/12/