Letting a friend down: broken promises and spilled secrets, sentence 12
A bystander is someone who watches but does not help; fear freezes many people the first time, and even a small "that's not nice" or telling a teacher counts.
Who acts: bystander, fear, teacher counts · What happens: be, watch, not help, freeze, not be, tell · To what, where: someone, many people · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Letting a friend down: broken promises and spilled secrets» of the reflection course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bystander, fear, teacher counts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 bystander | det |
| 2 | bystander | bystander | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 someone | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 someone | cop |
| 4 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | root | root |
| 5 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 6 watches | nsubj |
| 6 | watches | watch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 someone | acl:relcl |
| 7 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 10 help | cc |
| 8 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 help | aux |
| 9 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 10 help | advmod |
| 10 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 watches | conj |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 fear | punct |
| 12 | fear | fear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 freezes | nsubj |
| 13 | freezes | freeze | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 someone | parataxis |
| 14 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 people | amod |
| 15 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 freezes | obj |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 time | det |
| 17 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 18 time | amod |
| 18 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 freezes | obl:unmarked |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 small | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 small | cc |
| 21 | even | even | ADV | _ | 23 small | advmod |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 small | det |
| 23 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 nice | advcl |
| 24 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 28 nice | punct |
| 25 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 28 nice | nsubj |
| 26 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 nice | cop |
| 27 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 28 nice | advmod |
| 28 | nice | nice | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 someone | acl:relcl |
| 29 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 28 nice | punct |
| 30 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 31 telling | cc |
| 31 | telling | tell | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 28 nice | conj |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 counts | det |
| 33 | teacher | teacher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 counts | compound |
| 34 | counts | count | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 telling | obj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 someone | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a bystander | someone | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | watch | present | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | not help | present · do-support | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | freeze | present | fear | many people | time | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient people=Result | |||
| 5 | not is in a quote | present | nice property | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | tell speech: assert | gerund | a teacher counts | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:reflection:004-letting-a-friend-down-broken-promises-and-spilled-secrets.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/reflection/4-letting-a-friend-down-broken-promises-and-spilled-secrets/12/