What Christians believe: prayer, forgiveness, grace and heaven, sentence 2
Sin means turning away from God and doing wrong in thought, word or deed; Christians say everyone does it sometimes, and that God forgives anyone who is truly sorry because of Jesus.
Who acts: Sin, Christians, everyone, God · What happens: mean, turn away, do, say, forgive, be · To what, where: thought, Sin, anyone · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «What Christians believe: prayer, forgiveness, grace and heaven» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sin, Christians, everyone, God), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sin | sin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 means | nsubj |
| 2 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | turning | turn | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 means | xcomp |
| 4 | away | away | ADV | _ | 3 turning | advmod |
| 5 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 God | case |
| 6 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 turning | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 doing | cc |
| 8 | doing | do | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 turning | conj |
| 9 | wrong | wrong | ADV | _ | 8 doing | advmod |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 thought | case |
| 11 | thought | thought | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 doing | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 word | punct |
| 13 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 thought | conj |
| 14 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 15 deed | cc |
| 15 | deed | deed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 thought | conj |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 say | punct |
| 17 | Christians | Christian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 18 say | nsubj |
| 18 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 means | parataxis |
| 19 | everyone | everyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Tot | 20 does | nsubj |
| 20 | does | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 say | ccomp |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 does | obj |
| 22 | sometimes | sometimes | ADV | PronType=Ind | 20 does | advmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 forgives | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 forgives | cc |
| 25 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 27 forgives | mark |
| 26 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 forgives | nsubj |
| 27 | forgives | forgive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 does | conj |
| 28 | anyone | anyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 27 forgives | obj |
| 29 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 32 sorry | nsubj |
| 30 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 sorry | cop |
| 31 | truly | truly | ADV | _ | 32 sorry | advmod |
| 32 | sorry | sorry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 anyone | acl:relcl |
| 33 | because | because | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 35 Jesus | case |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 because | fixed |
| 35 | Jesus | Jesus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 sorry | obl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 means | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | Sin | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | turn away not said to happen | gerund | Sin not said here | from God; away property | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from god=Source | ||||
| 3 | do | gerund | Sin not said here | thought and word or deed | wrong property | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 4 | say speech: assert | present | Christians | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | do | present | everyone | Sin | sometimes property | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality | |||
| 6 | forgive | present | God | anyone | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anyone=Theme | ||||
| 7 | is | present | because Jesus; sorry, truly property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:religion-ethics:022-prayer-forgiveness-grace-and-heaven.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/22-prayer-forgiveness-grace-and-heaven/2/