Virtues: honesty, fairness and kindness, sentence 0
In Aesop's fable a shepherd boy cried "Wolf!" for fun so many times that, when a real wolf came, nobody believed him; trust is built on honesty, and once it is broken it is hard to rebuild.
Who acts: shepherd boy, real wolf, nobody · What happens: cry, come, believe, build, break, be · To what, where: Wolf, fable, trust, honesty
This is a sentence of the lesson «Virtues: honesty, fairness and kindness» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shepherd boy, real wolf, nobody), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 4 fable | case |
| 2 | Aesop | Aesop | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 fable | nmod:poss |
| 3 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 2 Aesop | case |
| 4 | fable | fable | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 cried | obl |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 boy | det |
| 6 | shepherd | shepherd | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 boy | compound |
| 7 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 cried | nsubj |
| 8 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 Wolf | punct |
| 10 | Wolf | Wolf | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 cried | obj |
| 11 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 10 Wolf | punct |
| 12 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 Wolf | punct |
| 13 | for | for | ADP | _ | 14 fun | case |
| 14 | fun | fun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 cried | obl |
| 15 | so | so | ADV | _ | 16 many | advmod |
| 16 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 times | amod |
| 17 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 cried | obl:unmarked |
| 18 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 27 believed | mark |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 came | punct |
| 20 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 24 came | advmod |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 wolf | det |
| 22 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 wolf | amod |
| 23 | wolf | wolf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 came | nsubj |
| 24 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 believed | advcl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 believed | punct |
| 26 | nobody | nobody | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 27 believed | nsubj |
| 27 | believed | believe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 cried | conj |
| 28 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 believed | obj |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 32 built | punct |
| 30 | trust | trust | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 built | nsubj:pass |
| 31 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 built | aux:pass |
| 32 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 cried | conj |
| 33 | on | on | ADP | _ | 34 honesty | case |
| 34 | honesty | honesty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 built | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 hard | punct |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 hard | cc |
| 37 | once | once | SCONJ | _ | 40 broken | mark |
| 38 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 broken | nsubj:pass |
| 39 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 broken | aux:pass |
| 40 | broken | break | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 43 hard | advcl |
| 41 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 hard | expl |
| 42 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 43 hard | cop |
| 43 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 cried | conj |
| 44 | to | to | PART | _ | 45 rebuild | mark |
| 45 | rebuild | rebuild | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 43 hard | csubj |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 cried | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cry speech: express | past | a shepherd boy | Wolf | Aesop's fable | time | for fun | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wolf=Topic | |
| 2 | come | past | a real wolf | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | believe | past | nobody | Wolf | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | build | present · passive | trust | honesty | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Theme on honesty=Source | ||||
| 5 | break | present · passive | trust | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 6 | is | present | a shepherd boy not said here | hard property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | rebuild | to-infinitive | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:religion-ethics:034-honesty-fairness-and-kindness.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/34-honesty-fairness-and-kindness/0/