How to argue: reasons and evidence, sentence 1
A claim is what you think, a reason is why, and evidence (facts, examples, experiences) backs up the reason.
Who acts: claim, you, reason, evidence · What happens: be, think, back up · To what, where: reason
This is a sentence of the lesson «How to argue: reasons and evidence» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (claim, you, reason, evidence), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 claim | det |
| 2 | claim | claim | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 what | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 what | cop |
| 4 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 22 backs | parataxis |
| 5 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 6 think | nsubj |
| 6 | think | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 what | acl:relcl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 why | punct |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 reason | det |
| 9 | reason | reason | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 why | nsubj |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 why | cop |
| 11 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 what | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 backs | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 evidence | cc |
| 14 | evidence | evidence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 backs | nsubj |
| 15 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 16 facts | punct |
| 16 | facts | fact | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 evidence | appos |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 examples | punct |
| 18 | examples | example | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 facts | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 experiences | punct |
| 20 | experiences | experience | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 facts | conj |
| 21 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 16 facts | punct |
| 22 | backs | back | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 23 | up | up | ADP | _ | 22 backs | compound:prt |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 reason | det |
| 25 | reason | reason | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 backs | obj |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 what | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a claim | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | think speech: other | present | you | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is | present | a reason | why property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | back up | present | evidence | the reason | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:religion-ethics:039-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence/1/