How to argue: counter-arguments and respect, sentence 3
Listen to understand, sum up what you heard, look for common ground, keep a calm and polite tone, and accept that thoughtful people may still agree to disagree and stay friends.
Who acts: you, thoughtful people · What happens: listen, understand, sum up, hear, look, keep · To what, where: calm tone, friends
This is a sentence of the lesson «How to argue: counter-arguments and respect» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, thoughtful people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Listen | listen | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | to | to | PART | _ | 3 understand | mark |
| 3 | understand | understand | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 1 Listen | advcl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 sum | punct |
| 5 | sum | sum | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Listen | conj |
| 6 | up | up | ADP | _ | 5 sum | compound:prt |
| 7 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 9 heard | obj |
| 8 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 9 heard | nsubj |
| 9 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 sum | parataxis |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 look | punct |
| 11 | look | look | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Listen | conj |
| 12 | for | for | ADP | _ | 14 ground | case |
| 13 | common | common | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 ground | amod |
| 14 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 look | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 keep | punct |
| 16 | keep | keep | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Listen | conj |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 tone | det |
| 18 | calm | calm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 tone | amod |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 polite | cc |
| 20 | polite | polite | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 calm | conj |
| 21 | tone | tone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 keep | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 accept | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 accept | cc |
| 24 | accept | accept | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Listen | conj |
| 25 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 30 agree | mark |
| 26 | thoughtful | thoughtful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 people | amod |
| 27 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 agree | nsubj |
| 28 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 30 agree | aux |
| 29 | still | still | ADV | _ | 30 agree | advmod |
| 30 | agree | agree | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 accept | ccomp |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 32 disagree | mark |
| 32 | disagree | disagree | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 agree | xcomp |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 stay | cc |
| 34 | stay | stay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 disagree | conj |
| 35 | friends | friend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 stay | obj |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Listen | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- suggest
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | listen | imperative | you not said here | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | understand | to-infinitive | you not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 3 | sum up | infinitive | you not said here | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | hear | past | you | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus | |||||
| 5 | look | infinitive | you not said here | for common ground | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for ground=Theme | ||||
| 6 | keep | infinitive | you not said here | a calm tone | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tone=Theme | ||||
| 7 | accept | infinitive | you not said here | vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 8 | agree speech: agree | may | thoughtful people | still | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 9 | disagree not said to happen | to-infinitive | thoughtful people not said here | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 10 | stay | infinitive | thoughtful people not said here | friends | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme friend=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:religion-ethics:040-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/40-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect/3/