Dilemmas about truth and friendship, sentence 11
Most people think lying to the murderer is right because saving a life matters more; the philosopher Immanuel Kant argued that even this lie is wrong (disputed).
Who acts: Most people, lying, saving, philosopher, lie · What happens: think, lie, be, save, matter, argue · To what, where: life · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Dilemmas about truth and friendship» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Most people, lying, saving, philosopher), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 2 people | amod |
| 2 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 think | nsubj |
| 3 | think | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | lying | lie | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 right | csubj |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 murderer | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 murderer | det |
| 7 | murderer | murderer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 lying | obl |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 right | cop |
| 9 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 think | ccomp |
| 10 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 14 matters | mark |
| 11 | saving | save | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 14 matters | csubj |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 life | det |
| 13 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 saving | obj |
| 14 | matters | matter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 right | advcl |
| 15 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 14 matters | advmod |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 3 think | punct |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 philosopher | det |
| 18 | philosopher | philosopher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 argued | nsubj |
| 19 | Immanuel | Immanuel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 argued | nsubj |
| 20 | Kant | Kant | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 Immanuel | appos |
| 21 | argued | argue | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 think | parataxis |
| 22 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 27 wrong | mark |
| 23 | even | even | ADV | _ | 25 lie | advmod |
| 24 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 25 lie | det |
| 25 | lie | lie | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 wrong | nsubj |
| 26 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 wrong | cop |
| 27 | wrong | wrong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 argued | ccomp |
| 28 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 29 disputed | punct |
| 29 | disputed | dispute | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 wrong | conj |
| 30 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 29 disputed | punct |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 think | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | think speech: other | present | Most people | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | lie | gerund | to the murderer | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is | present | lying | right property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | save | gerund | a life | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Theme | |||||
| 5 | matter | present | saving | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 6 | argue speech: disagree | past | the philosopher | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | is | present | this lie | wrong property | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | dispute | participle | this lie not said here | vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:religion-ethics:041-dilemmas-about-truth-and-friendship.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/41-dilemmas-about-truth-and-friendship/11/