Life begins: being born and growing up, sentence 8

Newborn babies can suck, cry and grip, but walking and talking are learned slowly; many babies take their first steps at around 11 to 13 months.

Who acts: Newborn babies, many babies, children · What happens: suck, cry, grip, talk, learn, take · To what, where: walking, first steps, 11

This is a sentence of the lesson «Life begins: being born and growing up» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Newborn babies, many babies, children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Newborn	newborn	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 babies	amod
2	babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 suck	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 suck	aux
4	suck	suck	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 cry	punct
6	cry	cry	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 suck	conj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 grip	cc
8	grip	grip	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 suck	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 learned	punct
10	but	but	CCONJ	_	15 learned	cc
11	walking	walking	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 learned	nsubj:pass
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 talking	cc
13	talking	talk	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	11 walking	conj
14	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 learned	aux:pass
15	learned	learn	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 suck	conj
16	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	15 learned	advmod
17	;	;	PUNCT	_	20 take	punct
18	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 babies	amod
19	babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 take	nsubj
20	take	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 learned	conj
21	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	23 steps	nmod:poss
22	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	23 steps	amod
23	steps	step	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 take	obj
24	at	at	ADP	_	26 11	case
25	around	around	ADV	_	26 11	advmod
26	11	11	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	20 take	obl
27	to	to	ADP	_	28 13	case
28	13	13	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	29 months	nummod
29	months	month	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 take	obl
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 suck	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	suck	can	Newborn babies					vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	cry speech: express	infinitive	Newborn babies not said here					vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	grip	infinitive	Newborn babies not said here					vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	talk	gerund						vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	learn	present · passive		walking			slowly property	vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic
6	take	present	many babies	children's first steps	11	month		vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent step=Theme at 11=Asset
7	step		children = child					nom step «act transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:religion-ethics:051-life-begins-being-born-and-growing-up.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×2, R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/51-life-begins-being-born-and-growing-up/8/